TFT/LCD驱动IC NT35510芯片手册datasheet
TFT/LCD驱动IC、手机显示屏驱动IC-NT35510，文档详细讲解了该芯片的接口定义，以及驱动显示屏的解决方案.NOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT355105.4.2 MDD/ Link Packet Descriptions by the NT355101625.4.3 Writing Video Data to Memory Sequence.......1725.44 Writing Register Sequence...….…,…1725.4.5 Reading video Data from Memory Sequence.7735.4.6 Reading Register Sequence………,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,………735.4.7 Hibernation Setting-..,.,…,…T745.4.8 MDD/ Deep Standby Mode Setting-……,……,…,…,…,…,…,…,………,…,…1755.5 INTERFACE PAUSE1775. 6 DATA TRANSFER BREAK AND RECOVERY.1785.7 DISPLAY MODULE DATA TRANSFER MODES,58RGB| NTERFACE,,nn,,…,…,,,……18158.1 Genera/ Description.…,.,.,…,…1815.8.2 RGB Interface Timing Chart1825.8.3 RGB Interface Mode Set.1835.8.4 RGB Interface Bus Width Set.18759 FRAME MEMORY,……,,,191591 Configuration…....…n1915.92 Address Counter….……………,7925.9.3 Interface to Memory Write Direction.........1935.9.4 Frame Memory to Display Address Mapping.......n…1945.10 TEARING EFFECT INFORMATION1955.10.1 Tearing Effect Output Line1955.10.2 Tearing Effect Bus Trigger..........面面面面面面面aa面面看日自DB自2005.11 CHECKSUM2125.12 POWER ON/OFF SEQUENCE2145. 12. 1 Case 1-REsX line is held High or Unstable by Host at Power On..................2155. 12.2 Case 2- ResX line is held Low by host at power on...e.2165.12.3 Uncontrolled power off2765.13 PoWER LEVEL MODES wmmmmmm2175.13.1 Definition2175.13.2 Power level Mode flow chartn2185.14 RESET FUNCTION…112205.14. 1 Register Default value2205.14.2 Output or Bi- directiona/{o)Pins………,,,…,……………,…,…,,…,…………,……,………2225.14.3 Input Pins………,…,,…,…2221028/20113Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformationNOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT355105.15 SLEEP OUT-COMMAND AND SELF-DIAGNOSTIC FUNCTIONS OF THE DISPLAY MODULE2235. 15. 1 Register loading Detection.....2235.15.2 Functionality Detection2245.15.3 Chip Attachment Detection…….2255.16 DISPLAY PANEL COLOR CHARACTERISTICS mmmm 2265.17 GAMMA FUNCTI0N..…,………面国面面面国面2275.18 BASIC DISPLAY MODE■日量2285.19 NSTRUCTION SETTING SEQUENCE2295.19.1 Sleep In/Out Sequence…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,,…,…,…,…,,…2295192 Deep Standby Mode Enter/ Exit Sequence……2305.20 INSTRUCTION SETUP FLOW2315. 20.1 Initializing with the Built-in Power Supply circuits2315. 20.2 Power OFF Sequence232521 MTP WRITE SEQUENCE…….2335.22 DYNAMIC BACKLIGHT CONTROL FUNCTION234522.1 PWM Control Architecture面面面面面面a面a面面2365. 22.2 Dimming Function for LABC and Manual Brightness Control6.22. 3 Dimming Function for CABC and Force PWM Function,2445.22.4 PWM Signal Setting for CABC and LABC2455.2.5 Content Adaptive Brightness Contro/CABC)………,2475.22.6 Ambient Light Sensor and Automatic Brightness Contro(LABC)…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,………2485.23 COLUMN, 1-DOT, 2-DOT, 3-DOT AND 4-DOT INVERSION (VCOM DC DRIVE2556 COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS2566.1 USER COMMAND SET256NOP0000)....,.…260SWRESET: Software Reset (0100h ...267RDDID: Read Display ID(0400h-0402h)262RDNUMED: Read Number of Errors onRDDPM: Read Display Power Mode(0A00h)............264RDDMADCT: Read Display MAdo间0B0oh),…,265RDDCOLMOD: Read Display Pixel Format0cooh)………266RDDM: Read Display image Mode间 0D00h)……,…………………………………………………………267RDDSM: Read Display signa/Mode(0E00h)……................,…………………268RDDSDR: Read Display Self-Diagnostic Result(sLPN: Sleep In(1000h)-……2701028/20114Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformationNOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT35510SLPOUT: Sleep Out(100h)……,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,……272PTLON: Partial Display Mode On(1200h).........274NORON: Norma| Display Mode On(1300h)...............………275INVOFF: Display Inversion Off (2000h)276yvoN: Display Inversion On(2100b)….......……量道量道面道量温量量量面量面面面面目面面277ALLPOFF: All Pixel Off(2200h)278ALLPON: All Pixel On(2300h280GAMSET: Gamma Set(2600h)…,,,,,,…,282DISPOFF: Display ofi(2800b)….……....,,…,…,…,…,……,283DISPON: Display On( 2900b)284CASET: Column address set(2A00h~2A03h).……,,…285RASET: Row Address Setn287RAMWR: Memory Write(2c00h)289RAMRD: Memory290PILAR: Partial Area(3000h-3003)....∴291TEOFF: Tearing Effect Line OFF (3400h)面面面面面a面面294TEON: Tearing Effect Line ON (3500h)295MADCTL: Memory data Access Control (3600h)..............................296DMOFF: dle mode o(3800……299IDMON: ldle Mode On (3900h).......300COLMOD: Interface Pixel Format 3A00h)302RAMWRC: Memory Write Continue(3c00h)…..........……303RAMRDC: Memory Read Continue(3E00h)……,…,,…,,,…,…304STESL: Set Tearing Effect Scan Line(4400h-4401)...........305GSL: Get Scan Line(4500h-4501h),.…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,…,,…307DPCKRGB: Display Clock in RGB Interface(4A00h)308DSTBON: Deep Standby Mode On(4F00h)BIEaIESEBBSEBSEEEE309WRPFD: Write Profile value for Display (5000h-500Fh)........................310WRDISBV: Write Display Brightness(5100h)...………311RDDISBV: Read Display Brightness(5200h)…,…312WRCTRLD: Write CTRL Display(5300h)………313RDCTRLD: Read CTRL Display value(5400h)……,.....,…....……,…,…………315WRCABO: Write Content Adaptive Brightness Contro(5500h)…………………317RDCABO: Read Content Adaptive Brightness Control(5600h)…….…,…,…,…,…,……,…,…,……………………318NRHYSTE: Write3191028/20115Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformationNOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT35510WRGAMMSET: Write Gamma Setting(5800h-5807h)..eec.321RDFSVM: Read Fs Value MSBs(5A00h)...........323RDFSVE: Read Fs value lsBs(5B0h)..............….……324RDMFFSVM Read Median Filter Fs value MSBs (cooh).325RDMFFSVL: Read Median Filter Fs value LSBs(5D00h)326WRCABCMB: Write CABC minimum brightness(5E00h).,…,…,…,………,,………327RDCABCMB: Read CABC minimum brightness(5Fooh).........328WRLSCO: Write Light Sensor Compensation Coefficient value(6500h~6501h)………,……………,…,…,…………329RDLSCCM: Read Light Sensor Compensation Coefficient Value MSBs(6600h )......,.........-. 330RDLSCCL: Read Light Sensor Compensation Coefficient Value LSBsRDBWLB: Read Black/White low Bits(7000h)332RDBkX: Read Bkx (7100h)333RDBky: Read Bky(7200h)334RDWX: Read Wx( 7300b)............. e..335RDWy: Read wy(7400h)…336RDRGLB: Read Red/Green Low Bits(7500h).......337RDRx: Read Rx(7600).……338RDRy: Read Ry(7700b)..........339RDGX: Read…,,,,,,,,340RDGy: Read Gy(7900h)....................n…341RDBALE: Read blue/ color low Bits(7A00h)……n,,342RDBx: Read Bx(7B00b)-..……,,,343RDBy: Read By(7c00b),,,,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,...,.,.,.,.,.,.,.,…,…344RDAx: Read ax(7D0oh)………,…345RDAy: Read Ay(7E00h)……,…,…,…346RDDDBS: Read DDB Start(A100h-A104h347RDDDBC: Read DDB Continue(A800h-A804h)349RDFCS: Read first checksum(AA0oh)……351RDCCS: Read Continue Checksum(AF00h)-.…………352RDID1: Read iD1 value(DAooh).ee..353RDD2: Read D2 Value(DB0oh)……354RDD3: Read D3vaue( COoh)……………,……………,…………………,…3557 SPECIFICATIONS…3567.1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS.3567.2 ESD PROTECTION LEVEL3561028/20116Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformationNOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT355107. 3 LATCH-UP PROTECTION LEVEL3567.4 LIGHT SENSITIVITY3567. 5 DC CHARACTERISTICS3577.5.1 Basic characteristics.357752MP/ Characteristics35975.3 MDD/ Characteristics wwwwwww 3617.5. 4 Current Consumption in Standby Mode and DSTB Mode..3627.6 AC CHARACTERISTICS3637.6.1 Parallel Interface Characteristics (80-Series McU)36376.2 SerialInterface Characteristicsaaaassaaaaussuaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa3647.6.3 12C Bus Timing Characteristics36576.4 RGB Interface Characteristics3667.6.5 MIP/DS/ Timing Characteristics3677.6.6 MDD/ Timing Characteristics........3717.6.7 Reset Input Timing3728 REFERENCE APPLICATIONS. G.…3738.1 MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACE3738. 2 CONNECTIONS WITH PANEL. m..n..37810/28/2011Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformationNOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT35510REVISION HISTORYPrepareChecked ApprovedVersionContentsDatebyy0.00OriginalKevinn swDennis2010/02/12Page 9, remove 32ORGB X 480Page 10, Features, remove 32ORGB X 480 and mux descriptionVGHO VGLO for gate control signals, remove VDDIM/SSIMPage11, update power voltage rangePage 12, Block diagramPage 13 to 22Add: VDD DET, DIOPWR, PSWAP, DSWAP, VGHO, VGLO, VRGHVREFCP, CSP, CSN, LVGL, C61P, C61N, VRGH, VREF, GOUT.Remove: VDDIMSSIM. VDDELUpdate: MVDDL,VGL,VGH, Test pinsPage23, update IF tablePage 51 to 66: update SPl, M3=1 setting in figurePage 102, 103, change DSIM, DSiG bit Reg to OXB 100Page 115, 124 Add WrPFD 50h on tablePage201, modified to 480X864 memoryPage202, Remove 320x480Page204, update whole Frame memory tablePage 205, TE map to 480 lines, DOPCTR change to B100hPage207, tvdI TBDPage225, 226, update VDD in figurePage227, Modes to 7Page232, Sout update to Gout0.01Page235, Add chip attachment Detection sectionKevinSWDens2010/03/17Page237, update Gamma StructurePage255, 270, update FOSC, ExamplePage266, update KB CLEDPage272, Add inversion sectionPage273, 274, Power ArchitecturePage275, update DIOPWRVREFCP, VGMP1,VGLOPage276, update C61P/N, LVGL, VGLO, VRGH,VREFCP, DIOPWR,VGMP 1/2VGMNVGSPVGSNPage291, change name to RAMKPPage306 to 312, remove 320x 480 resolution settingPage337, 5400h Cmd add a andg bitPage385, Absolute Max Rating for MV Hv, remove VDDIMPage 386, VDDIM removePage387, Vdev value modifiedPage402, 403, Remove MVDDI in notePage406, Remove 320 X 480, update 360X640 Sout sequencePage 173 to 181, MDDI windowless packetPage377, 379, A1, A8 cmd updatePage387 to 396, VDDI to 3.3VPage362 to 37670h to 7Eh cmd default valuePage28, 29, 30, 40, 41, 42 MPU figure updatePage 12, 274 Block and power architecture update10/28/20118Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformationNOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT35510Page 10, remove 36ORGB X 640, Add 480RGBx720Page 11, update GPo[3: 01pdate VGHO, VGLOge 13, update Block DiagramPage 18, update IM, GPO, VSEL, and EXB1TPage 20, update VGLO, LVGLPage 21, update VGLX,VGL REG, Remove CP6 P/NPage 23, update VDD BCPage 24, update ContACT1-4, VSSIDUMPage 25, update iF description tablePage 207, update Address CounterKevinDennis2010/0406Page 235, update Resolution DataPage 252, remove CLED VOLPage 271, remove KB CLED_ VOLPage 277, add 4 dot inversionPage 306, 308, 313, 326 resolution update, remove nHD, add 480X720Page 384, update absolute voltagePage 385, update DC specPage 386, update Note3, Note5Page 405. update resolutionPage 406. update Alignment Mark-Page10,11205,206,234,305307,312,325404, update resolutionPage 13, update Block diagramPage 17-24, update pin description(MDDI not support DSWAPUpdate TEIR, TE_L, DSTB SEL, RESX, VSEL VREF PWR 12C_SDAremove VDD BD, ENDIOVPagB104121ric data type 0x24Page 134, update eotP optionPage 175, update MDDI support typPage 176, 177, update sub frame header, link shut down packetSWDennis2010/05/18Page 179, 180, update skew calibration packet, client capability packetPage 184, update packet type is 20Page 209, 214, update tE off, output is low, tering effect bus triggerPage 241, update gamma to 10 bits settingPage 276, update 3-dots inversionPage 384 update VIH, VIL, VoH,VOLPage 388, update hibernation wake upPage 390, 392 update Note2-Remove pad chapter to application note10/28/20119Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformationNOVATEKPRELIMINARYNT35510Page 14, update block diagram of RGBBPPage 16, update WRX/SCL/2C SCL, sDI/2C SDAPage 19-25, update IM3 pin description, RGBBP(remove 12C SA1)OSC Test description, KBBC to test pinPage 21, update VREF PWr descriptionPage 26, update IM tablePage 42-44, update MPU read scriptionPage 49-52, update SPl+RGB or SPl+MDDI description0.04Page 60, update 12C AddressKevinSWDen201007/27Page 181, 182, update 16 bit SPI pause descriptionPage 187-189, update RGB figurePage 200, update TE waveform in RGB mode 2Page 237, MTP sequencePage 238-258, update one dimming control for LABC CABcremove KBBc function descriptionPage 260, update 0X04 Cmd, remove KBBC CmdPage 262, update 0XA 1,0xA8 CmdRemove all the KBBc related function registerPage11,12,190,191,219,284-287,291,304,376,remove 480RGBX 360Page 15, update MTP PWR application voltagePage 16, update CSX, RDX, DC/X, SDI, SDOPage 18, update DSWAPPage 19, correct typo for IM[3: 0]in MDDI+SCL(falling edge)Page 38&44, update typo for data format in table0.05Page 53, update read data 8-8-8-bit only in SPIKevinDenn2010/10/18Page 183, 184, update note for min porch of RGB interfacePage 232, update MTP sequence and MTP PWR voltagePage 235, 236, remove PWM ENH OE bit(keep x2Page 312, 314, update typo for BCTRL and BLPage 371, 372: update figuresPage 373: update figure, add RGB+l2CPage 374: update figures, IM settingPage 375: update figures, IM settingPage 15, update DVDD typicage 129, update typo in figure of AwERPage 194, update typo for Hsync218 add condition of irregulaoffPage 219, 255, update command name typo of 05h commandPage 228-231, update typo in figuresPage 234, update typo for ALS in figure 5. 22.10.1Page 235, update CLED VOL bit in figure 5. 22.2KevinDennis2010/12/24Page 312, 314, update typo for BCTRL bl bitsPage 316, update typo in flow chartPage 346, update description of parameterPage 355, update maximum rating for VGH, GlxPage 358, 359, update 2 lane description in conditionPage 362, update pin name typo in figure-Page 376, update typo for CRGB condition10/28/201110Version o 8With respect to the information represented in this document, Novatek makes no warranty, expressed or implied, including the warranties of merchantabilityfitness for a particular purpose, non-infringement, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any suchinformation
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汽车噪声与振动-理论与应用
汽车NVH领域的经典入门读物，引领进入汽车振动噪声研究的最佳选择。第一章管道声学(1.12)时,声压幅值达到最大,反节点的位子是:(1.13)驻波是由频率相同的向右传播的入射波和向左传播的反射波迭加而成。驻波并不是运动的波,而是静止的,这是“驻”波名称的由来。波表示管道中的声音的模态。对於长度一定的管道来说,由于有许多频率的波,因此也就有很多驻波。这里所提到的驻波是假设管壁刚硬,所冇声波遇到管壁时全部被反射回来。可是实际上,管端壁不是完全刚性,因此反射波的声压不完全等於入射波声压,因此在节点处,入射波和反射波不可能完全抵消。但是这些点处的声压大部分被抵消,声压最低。第二节管道声阻抗阻抗是指当对媒质受到压力或者搾动力时,媒质会对传播产生阻碍。管道中的声学阻抗Z,定义声压与质点体积速度的比值,即(1.14)式中,u,U和S分别是管道中的速度,体积速度和截面积。体积速度与质点速度的关系为:L=SL。声吝在管道內传播,当管道的截面积发生变化的时候,声阻抗也发生变化。图1.3是截面积变化的管道,在变截面的地方,由于阻抗发生变化,一部分入射波就会被发射回原来的管道而另一部分入射波会在新的截面管道中继续传播。抗性消音器的工作原就是基于这种阻抗的变化。声波从发动机出来并在进气或者排气系统中传播,当遇到消音元件或者截面积变化时,入射声波被反射回发动机声源,从而抑制声音的传播。进排气系统中声阻抗不匹配的情况主要有截面积变化,主管道中插入了其他管道(如旁支消音器等),管道开口通往大气等等图1.3截面积变化的管道进排气系统中管道的长度都是有限的。图1.4表小一个长度为L的管道。假改管道两端的声阻抗分别已知,即在=处,声阻抗为,在=处,声阻抗为由公式(1.6)和(1.9),可以得到管道中仟一点的声阻抗为管道声学图1.4长度为L的管道将=代入公式(1.15)中,得到该处的声阻抗为:将三代入公式(1.15)中,得到该处的声阻抗:公式(17)可以重新写成下面的形式18将方程(1.16)代入到方程(1.18中,消除和,就得到输入声阻抗和输出声阻抗的关系,如下第一章管道声学(1.20第三节管口封闭与管口敞廾声波从管道入口端发射出来,传播到尾端。管道尾端通常有两种情况,一种是开口的,如进气管口,排气尾管口;另一种是封口的,如四分之一波长管。下面就来分析这两种尾端的声学特征。1.开∏-封闭管道图1.5表示管道尾端封闭状况。声音在管道里问石传播,当声波碰到刚性的封闭端时,声波被全部反弹冋来,再向左传播管口封闭图1.5开凵封闭管道对一个刚性的封闭口来说,其声阻抗为无穷大,即>0,根据公式(1.19),得到:1.21)声阻抗可以写成下面的形式:(1.22)式中R和粉别是阻抗的实部和虚部,R为声阻,称为声抗。声阻取决于结构的材料特性,而声抗则取决」结构的儿何特性。当声抗为零的时候,结构就发生共振。公式(1.21)中的声阻抗也可以写成公式(1.22)那样的形式,为(1.23)上式如果满足下亩的条件:(1.24)即,那么这个开口-封闭管道就发生共振,其固有频率为:(1.25)当n-=1,2,3,.,时,分别对应著管道第·阶、第二阶、第三阶,,.,等阶次频率图1.6是管道声波的第一阶和第阶模态。这个声波在封闭端时,声压达大最大值,然后发射第一章管道声学到入口处,使得入口端的声压为零,即在开口端形成驻波节点。四分之一波长管就是应用这个原理来工作的。图1.6管道声波的第一阶模态(A)和第二阶模态(B)公式(1.25)可以转变为管道长度与波长的关系,表达如下1.26)当n=1时,管道的长度是波长的四分之,即:。所以这种开∏封闭的管道通常叫著四分之一泼长管2.开口开口答道图1.7为一个尾端开口的管」。声波从入口端向右传播进入开口端时,声音与大气产生声耦合。大气的辐射声阻抗会将一部分声波返回管口敞开图1.7开口-开口管道声波在尾端的声阻抗为周围坏境的声阻抗,也就是说这个声阻抗不为零。为了使问题简化起见,我们先假设这个阻抗为零,然后再对所得到的结构进行修正。如果在x=处的声阻抗为零,那么由公式(1.19)可以得到下式(1.27)同样,当这个声阻抗中的声抗为零的吋候,管道就发生共振,这时必须满足:即:这时,开口-开口管道的共振频率为:当n=1,2,3,,时,分别对应著管道第一阶、第二阶、第三阶,.,等阶次频率第一章管道声学图1.8是开口-开口管道声波的第一阶和第二阶模态。图1.8开口-开口管道的第一阶模态(A)和第二阶模态(B)公式(1.30)可以转变为管道长度与波长的关系,衣达如下(1.31)3.开口管道的修正在推导尾端廾口公式时,我们假设了出口周围坯境的声阻抗为零,但是实际上这个阻抗不为零,因此必须对公式(1.27-1.31)的结论做修止。对图1.9这样的开∏终端,被称为自由自由开口。该开口处的声阻抗为:等效管图1.9自山开口-开口修正管道山于管道的直径非常小,因此和都远远小于1。山公式(1.27)和(1.32)得到:(1.33)这样,管道内的频率为34)管道长度与波长的关系为(1.35这样管道的长度比声阻抗为零的时候要短些,也就是说好像有一根等效的延长管与原来的管道相连接。管道的计算长度就是实际管子长度加上等效延长管长度△即第一章管道声学(1.36有时侯,在出口管处还会加类似与法兰的结构,如图1.10所示。这时,有效延长管的长度为△实际管子的长度为:△式中是管子的计算长度发等效管图1.10法兰开口-开口修正管道第四节四端网终分析进气系统或者排气系统都是有很多管道和消音元件组成。分析整个系统往往是非常复杂的,但是如果将系统分解到一些小的段落,那么分析起来就相对容易些。得到了每个段落或者是每个部件的分析结果,然后将之合成起来就得到了整个系统的结果。四端网络分析就是这种分析方法,在管道声学分析中得到了广泛的应用。对於管道中一小段质量(如图1.11)来说,动力方程可以写成如下:(1.39)式中,S是管道的截面积,是这个小质量段的长度,和分别是质量端两边的压力图1.11管道中一小段质量的受力分析公式(1.39)可以表达为(1.40)第一章管道声学对这一小段质量来说,假设两边的速度是相等的,即将这公式(1.40)和(1.41)写成矩阵形式,得到:(1.42)公式(1.42)建立起这段小质量块两边的压力和速度的关系。管道中小段质量块后端的压力和速度可以用它前端的压力和速度来表示。也就是说质量块后端与前端之间建立起来一种传递关系。同样对一个长度为L的管道(如图1.4所示)也可以得到管道两端的传递关系。在=处的压力和速度可以通过公式(1.6)和(1.9)分别求得(1.13)由以上两式可以得到和,如下:45(1.46根据公式(6)和(9),在处的压力和速度分别为将公式(1.45)和(1.46)中和的表达式代入公式(1.47)和(1.48)之中,就得到管道入冂与出∏之间声压和速度之间的关系,为:+49将公式(1.49)和(1.50)写成如下的矩阵形式第一章管道声学这样就得到了管道两边的压力和速度的传递关系。公式(1.51)可以简单地写成如下形式式中,被称为传递矩阵。如果管道的传递矩阵知道,那么只要知道管道端的压力和速度,就可以通过传递矩阵算出另一端的压力和速度。在传递矩阵两边分别是两个输入参数和两个输出参数。这四个参数的关系由传递矩阵来确定,因此这种表达方式称为四端网络法。上面介绍了小段质量和长度为L的管道的传递矩阵表达方法。这种方法可以推广到任何一个声学元件,其输入端和输出端的声压和速度都可以用四端网络米表示。图1.12代表某个声学元件i。图1.12一个管道元件的四端网终图这个元件两边的压力和速度关系为式中是传递矩阵,是传递矩阵系数。汽车的进气系统包括进气管道、空气过滤器、赫耳姆兹消音器、四分之波长管等。排气系统包括排气多支管、催化器、谐振器、消音器和管道等。一个系统如果由N个元件组成。而且每个元件的传递矩阵都知道,那么出声口的声压和速度就可以用声源的声压和速度来表示如下形式:(1.54)式中的L1是系统的传递矩阵,如下形式(1.55)
- 2020-12-05下载
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