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稳健的自适应波束形成

于 2020-12-03 发布
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稳健的自适应波束形成算法研究 主要是介绍鲁棒Capone自适应波束形成算法 并进行了仿真

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  • ISO16750-3-2012
    ISO16750-3-2012Road vehicles — Environmentalconditions and testing for electricaland electronic equipment —Part 3:Mechanical loadsContents PageForeword.............................................................................................................................................Iso16750-3:2012[EContentsPageForewordScope12Normative references1Terms and definitions4Tests and requirements4.1ibration4.2 Mechanical shock274.3 Free fall…294.4 Surface strength/ scratch and abrasion resistance294.5 Gravel bombardmentCode letters for mechanical loads29Documentation…,…………111111130Annex A (informative) Guideline for the development of test profiles for vibration tests.32Annex B (informative) Recommended mechanical requirements for equipment depending on themounting location44Bibliography46C ISO 2012-All rights reservedIso16750-3:2012EForewordISo (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standardsbodies (Iso member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried outthrough iso technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technicalcommittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internationaorganizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the workIso collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters ofelectrotechnical standardizationInternational Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISo/IEC Directives, Part 2The main task of technical committees is to prepare lnternational standards. draft InternationalStandards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for votingublication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 of the member bodiescasting a voteAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject ofpatent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rightsIso 16750-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicle, Subcommittee SC 3,Electrical and electronical equipment.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (Iso 16750-3: 2007), which has beentechnically revisedISo 16750 consists of the following parts, under the general title road vehicles-Environmental conditionsand testing for electrical and electronic equipment:Part 1: GeneralPart 2: electrical loadsPart 3: Mechanical loadsPart 4: Climatic loadsPart 5: chemical loadso ISO 2012-All rights reservedINTERNATIONAL STANDARDIso16750-3:2012(E)Road vehicles- Environmental conditions and testing forelectrical and electronic equipmentPart 3Mechanical loads1 ScopeThis part of IS0 16750 applies to electric and electronic systems/components for road vehicles. Itdescribes the potential environmental stresses and specifies tests and requirements recommended forthe specific mounting location on/in the vehicleThis part of iso 16750 describes mechanical loads2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenceddocument (including any amendments applies.Iso16750-1, Road vehicles- Environmental conditions and testing forelectrical andelectronicequipment-Part 1: GeneralIEC 60068-2, 6, Environmental testing- Part 2-6: Testing, Test Fc: Vibration SinusoidalIEC60068-2, 14, Basicenvironmental testing procedures- Part 2-14: Tests-Test Nb: Change oftemperatureTEC 60068-2, 64, Environmental testing Part 2-64: Test methods -Test Fh -Vibration, broad-bandrandom(digital control)and guidanceIEC 60068-2, 80, Environmental testing- Part 2-80: Tests- Test Fi: Vibration - Mixed mode testingIEC 60068-2-31, Environmental testing procedures- Part 2: Tests; Test Ec: Free fall, Clause 5.23 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in Iso 16750-1 app4 Tests and requirements4.1 Vibration41.1 GeneralThe vibration test metho ds specified consider various levels of vibration severities applicable to on-board electrical and electronic equipment. It is recommended that the vehicle manufacturer andsupplier choose the test method, the environmental temperature and vibration parameters dependingon the specific mounting locationFollowing the expressions in MIL-STD please noticeC ISO 2012-All rights reservedIso16750-3:2012EWhen applied properly, the environmental management and engineering processes described in this partof Iso 16750 can be of enormous value in generating confidence in the environmental worthiness andoverall durability. However, it is important to recognize that there are limitations inherent in laboratorytesting that make itimperative to use proper caution and engineering judgement when extrapolating theselaboratory results to results that may be obtained under actual service conditions. In many cases, realworld environmental stresses (singularly orin combination cannot be duplicated practically or reliably intestlaboratories. Therefore, users of this part of Iso 16750 should not assume that a system or componentthat passes laboratory tests of this part of Iso 16750 would also pass field/ fleet verification trialsThe specified values are the best estimation one can get up to the moment when results frommeasurements in the car are received - but they do not replace a car measurement!The specified values apply to direct mounting in defined mounting locations. Using a bracket formounting can resultin higher or lower loads. If the device under test ( DUT)is used in the vehicle with abracket then all vibration and mechanical shock test shall be done with this bracketCarry out the vibration with the dut suitably mounted on a vibration table. The mounting method (sused shall be noted in the test report. Carry out the frequency variation by logarithmic sweeping of 0,5octave/minute for sinusoidal tests and the sinusoidal part of sine on random tests. The scope of therecommended vibration tests is to avoid malfunctions and breakage mainly due to fatigue in the fieldTesting for wear has special requirements and is not covered in this part of ISo 16750Loads outside of the designated test frequency ranges are to be considered separatelNOTE Deviations from the load on the DUT can result, should vibration testing be carried out according tothis part of Iso 16750 on a heavy and bulky dut, as mounting rigidity and dynamic reaction on the vibrator tableexcitation are different compared to the situation in the vehicle. This deviation can be minimized by applying theaverage control method(see Annex A)Application of the weighted average control method according to IEC 60068-2, 64 is to be agreed uponSubject the dut during the vibration test to the temperature cycle according to iEC 60068-2, 14, withelectric operation according to diagram 1. Alternatively, a test at constant temperature may be agreed onOperate the dutelectrically as indicatedin Figure l at Tmin(Short functional testafterthe dUT completelyreached Tmin). This functional test shall be as short as possible- only long enough to check the properperformance of the dUt. This minimizes self-heating of the dUT. Additional electrical operation of theDUT between 210 min and 410 min of the cycle (see Figure 1)Additional drying of test chamber air is not permittedIn the vehicle, vibration stress can occur together with extremely low or high temperatures; for thisreason, this interaction between mechanical and temperature stress is simulated in the test, too. afailure mechanism is, for example, a plastic part of a system/component, which mellows due to the hightemperature and cannot withstand the acceleration under this condition2o ISO 2012-All rights reservedIso16750-3:2012[EYmax20aburditt0100200300400500600yY temperature[°C]x time [ minIa Operating mode 3.2 according to ISo 16750-1.b Operating mode 2. 1 according to ISo 16750-1One cycleFigure 1-Temperature profile for the vibration testTable 1- Temperature versus time for the vibration testTimeTemperaturemin°C0206040150-4021020300max41048020See Is016750-44.1.2 Tests4.1.2.1 Test I- Passenger car, engine4.1.2.1.1 PurposeThis test checks the dUt for malfunctions and breakage caused by vibrationThe vibrations of a piston engine can be split up into two kinds: Sinusoidal vibration which results from theunbalanced mass forces in the cylinders and random noise due to all other vibration-schemes of an engine,C ISO 2012-All rights reserved3Iso16750-3:2012Ee.g. closing of valves. In the lowest frequency range from 10 Hz to 100 Hz the influence of rough-roadconditions is taken into account. The main failure to be identified by this test is breakage due to fatigueNOTE 1 Road profile usually has negligible impact on engine-mounted components. Shock inputs are effectivelysolated by suspension, and engine-mounting systemsThe test profiles specified in the following clauses apply to loads generated by(four strokereciprocating enginesNotE 2 If the dut is to be tested for a specific resonance effect, then a resonance dwell test according to 8.3.2of IEC 60068-2, 6: 2007 can also be applied4.12.1.2Test4.1.2.1.2.1 GeneralIt is required to perform this test as a mixed mode vibration test according to IEC 60068-2, 80NOTE The test duration is based on A 4. The temperature in the chamher is above room temperature (rt)atthe end of the test (2 3/4 temperature cycles4.1.2.1.2.2 Sinusoidal vibrationPerform the test according to IEC 60068-2, 6, but using a sweep rate of s 0,5 octave/minute. Use a testduration of 22 h for each plane of the dUTUse curve l in Table 2/ Figure 2 for DUT intended for mounting on engines with 5 cylinders or fewerUse curve 2 in Table 2/Figure 2 for dUT test intended for mounting on engines with 6 cylinders or moreBoth curves may be combined to cover all engine types in one test2502001501005050100150200250300350400450500ⅩKeyamplitude of acceleration [m/s2IXfrequency [Hzcurve1(≤5 cylinders)curve 2(5 cylindersFigure 2- Vibration severity curves4o ISO 2012-All rights reservedIso16750-3:2012[ETable 2- values for max acceleration versus frequencyCurve 1(see Figure 2FrequencyAmplitude of accelerationHz100100200200240200270100440100Curve 2(see Figure 2)FrequencyAmplitude of accelerationHm/s2100100150150440150CombinationFrequencyAmplitude of accelerationH1001001501502002002402002551504401504,1.21.2.3 Random vibrationPerform the test according to IEC 60068-2, 64. Use a test duration of 22 h for each plane of the DUTThe r.m.s. acceleration value shall be 181 m/s2The psd versus frequency are referred to in Figure 3 and Table 3NoTE The Power Spectral Density(PSD)values (random vibration] are reduced in the frequency range of thesinusoidal vibration testC ISO 2012-All rights reserved5Iso16750-3:2012EY100100,110100100010000KeyY PSD [(m/s2)2/HzX frequency [Hz]Figure 3- PSD of acceleration versus frequencyTable 3- Values for frequency and PsDFrequencyPSDH:(m/s2)2/Hz1010100103000,5150020200024.1.2.1.3 RequirementBreakage shall not occur.Functional status a see iso 16750-1) is required during operating mode 3.2 as defined in ISo 16750-1and functional status C during periods with other operating modes4.1.2.2 Test II-Passenger car, gearbox4.1.2.2.1 PurposeThis test checks the dut for malfunctions and breakage caused by vibrationThe vibrations of a gearbox can be split up into two kinds which result partly from sinusoidal vibrationfrom unbalanced mass forces of the engine(e. g dominating orders) in the frequency range from 100 Hzto 440 Hz and vibration from the friction of the gear wheels and other schemes, which are tested in therandom part. In the lowest frequency range from 10 Hz to 100 Hz the influence of rough-road conditionsis taken into account The main failure to be identified by this test is breakage due to fatigueChanging the gears can create additional mechanical shock and shall be considered separatey brationsThe test profiles specified in the following subclauses apply to loads generated by gearbox vibo ISO 2012-All rights reserved
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    在labview中自定义控件的详细教程:如何是你的labview测试程序,前面板看起来更美观,让用户对使用的流程更清晰,这里教你如何在labview中自定义控件泛华测痉PANSINO控件45控件章布尔确定3,在我们己有的图片库中复制我们想用来作为按钮图片的图片本文中将以这个按钮为图片进行训述。复制好图片至剪贴板中后。在控件编辑窗口中,控件上右键选择从剪贴板导入图片>终P控件45自定义类型白回文牛住编餐E查着项目②操作◎T目目定义类型ipe T布尔确定显示项转换为显示挥件说明和提示替换数据操作高级机械动作释放文本多文本字符串从剪贴板导人图片N假属性真4,此时控件效果如卜图:地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn泛华测痉PANSINOE控件45自定义类型章文件(辆辑E查看y项目操作Q)工具〔州自定义类型、‖13rm布尔确定5,可以更改为自定义模式下,对图片的位置进行修正控件45自定义类型章口回区文件〔編辑查看项目巴操作(Ω)二具团自定义类型·1tahm布尔确定6,同样也可以对文本的位置以及搾件的底板的人小进行修正,修正之后的控件如下图所示地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn泛华测控PANSINO控件45自定义类型巴区P粒件45自定义类型艾件错G查看项目②操作工具文件(编辑查看(项目心操作()工具①[自定义类型[[自定义类型13pt Tahoma相尔布尔确足布尔值为真布尔值为假同样也可以对文本的位置以及控件的底板的大小进行修正,修正之后的控件如下图所示这样制定出来的控件的特点是:1,即使点在图片上,也能更改布尔按钮的状态。2,真假布尔值状态下,该图片不能进行变换。方法二1,打开 LabVIew,创建新式型的布尔按钮,石键选择高级>自定义。为什么要创建新式的控件呢?在本方法的末端会提供P控件45自定义类塞回回区文件G)编锅查看(项目巴作⑨工具红2自定义类型、[13计10确定按钮确定2,打开如上图所示窗∏后,去我们图片斥中,复制图片◎至剪贴板。回到控件的編辑窗∏,控件上右键选择从剪贴板导入图片>>假。地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn泛华测痉PANSINOE控件45自定叟类包叵区件辑查看y项目操作Q工具自定义类型pt Tahoma确定按钮显示项转换为显示控件说明和提示替换数据操作高级机械动作释放文本多文本宇符串从鸥贴板导入图片卜[假属性始终3,将出现如卜图所示效果:P控件45自定义类型喜白回区文件(綱辑但查看φ项目@)嬝作(工具T自义类型·10T确定按钮确定4,同样,在图片库中复制图片至剪贴板中。在控件上右键选择从剪贴板导入图片>真。地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn泛华测痉PANSINO1控件45自定义天型回区文件臼编辑查看y项目P操作(工具红自定义类型13pE T确定按钮显示项转换为显示控件说明和提示替换潋据操作高级机械动作释放文本多文本字符串从翦贴梗导入图片假属性真忙终5,不显小控件的文本。做出来的控件的状态将如下。口控件45自定义类型t巴回应控件15白定义类型包回凶文件编辑查看(项目)操作工具工神(编辑〔查看项目(操作①工目(①[自定火类型·13t[自定义类型13pt Taho门确定按钮确定按钮布尔值为真布尔值为假这种方法做出来的控件的特点是:1,背景透明,但是实际控件大小为所选择的图片的大小。一般是一个规则的下方形或者长方形前文提到为什么要用新式按钮呢?先来说一下按钮的图片项,每个布尔按钮在自定义模式下,是有若干图片项的,而新式按钮与系统型的按钮的图片项是不同的。图片项的查看方式为:将控件窗∏置为自定义状态下,在控件上石键选择图片项即可看到该控件所拥有的图片项地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn泛华测痉PANSINO控件45自定义类回区文件()锎辑)查看{y项目巴操作()工具T小自定义共型1计m布尔复制至前贴板从剪贴板导入图片以相同大小剪贴板导入从文件导以相同大小具文件导入还原原始大小图片项圖888□口下边左图所示是新式按钮的图片项。如果在最开始创建控件时,选择的是系统行按钮,并且同样按照本方法导入不同的图片,最后图片项将显小为为右图所小。其中1,2,3,4与新式的控件的图片项的意义相同,分别为真,假,真到假点击吋,假到貞点击吋。5,6是系统按钮才有的特性。5为当程序运行状态下按钮为假时鼠标移入时的状态,6为当程序运行状态下按钮为真时鼠标移入时的状态56上述制作的方法,如果控件使用系统型,我们可以想象,在程序运行卜,当鼠标移入时,按钮将变得很奇怪,就是因为它的5,6图片项没冇定义。解决方法是直接用新式控件即可。当然如果不怕麻烦可以选中图片项5和6,并导入对应的图片。但是做出来的效果与使用新式控件进行编辑的效果相同。方法三上述方法,要么按钮为真假时不能为同一副图片,要么没有系统的背景框。那么如果希望能做到我之前发送的按钮集中的这种按钮,又该怎么做呢?st artstart这种按钮,并不是我们使用传统的确定按钮进行自定义编辑时就能实现的。需要多个控件进行配合编辑才行。布尔确定按钮确确定地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn泛华测控PANSINO1,首先,创建一个如下图所示按钮。进入自定义模式状态下。布尔2,另外再选择一个系统型的按钮,进入该系统按钮的自定义模式状态下。布尔确定注:如果无法对两个控件同时选中高级≯自定义,先将要编辑的两个控件都另存为自定义类型的控件,再次打开即可。以下均在自定义模式下完成。E控件47.ct1自定义类率回区控件6.ct1口件G编辑G查看项目(操作)工具①窗口y)帮件()編辑(E)查看②项目卫操作(Q工具江窗口)轉团自定义类至-[团自定类型和尔3,在系统型控件上右键选择复制至剪贴板E控件47.ct1自定义类型回冈整件6:1自定义类型文件G编辐侣查看项目操作(二具I霰匚,文件G铜锔E查看(0三①映作工具①宙口(帮助「自定义类刑13tTa布尔复至郭板相司大小贴饭是入相司大小文芒导不原原始大小4,在新式的带LED的布尔按钮上右键选择图片项地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn泛华测控PANSINO控件47.ct1自定叉类塞冈控件46.ctl自定义类型文吽)病辑)查看{顶目巴操作⑨)工具(T匚ci件G编E查看(y项目巴操作(工具二窗口(帮助布尔烹物至邮贴板从剪贴板导入网片以相同大小从剪板号从文件导以相同大小从文件导原始大小5,选择我们需要编辑的图片项,因为之前复制的是系统型控件的假状态的图片,那么在选择新式按钮的图片项时,也应该选择对应的图片项。选择完毕后,选择“以相同大小从剪贴板导入”。控件47.ct1自定义夹型回Xp控件46,tl自定义型仁i)编承E查看△项目P)操作⑨)工具窗口)帮耵文件編辑查着③项目(P操作(工具⑦T窗口(业帮助尔有尔剪贴板子入图片以相同大小从贴椒导人以相问小从义件导图片项6,导入后的结果为控件47.ct1自定叉类想口日风粒件41叶t1自定义关类件)查看心顶目的嫵工貝山唐η弗项日(操工且口自定义类现布尔布尔7,同坦,将系统型按钮置为假吋,将其图片项复制至剪贴板,并导入到新式按钮的对应图片项下导入完成之后如下图所示。地址:北京市海淀区中关村东路18号财智国际大夏A座9层电话:(010)82600055传真:(010)62628056http://www.pansinocomcn
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