区间预测控制

含有方波、锯齿波、正弦波、三角波的低频信号发生器，以及keil编写的C程序

计算机辅助几何造型技术，莫蓉等编写，各大高校相关专业推荐书目。21世纪高等院校教材计算机辅助几何造型技术莫蓉吴英常智勇编著学实撤社北京内容简介计算机辅助几何造型技术是复杂曲面设计射基本技术,它所依赖的数学基础是微分几何。4书较全面介绍了计算机辅助几何造型玻术的基础知识,包括:曲线曲面论的基本知识烊条曲线与曲面、贝齐尔曲线与曲画、B样条曲线与曲面均匀有理B样条(NRRS曲线与曲画曲线曲面求交算法线曲光顺等本书是面向高等学校非数学类专业的本科生教材如机械T程及泊动化航空宇航设计与制造等也叮供高等学校师生及有关工程技术人员自学参考图书在版编目C)费据计算机辅助几何造犁技术莫蓉,昊英,常勇编著.一北京:科学出版社,2004.2(2世纪高等院校教材IsBN7030119266·计…Ⅱ.①奠…型吳…③常…Ⅲ.计箅机雜助设计Ⅳ.TP391.72中国版本图书馆CIP数据核字(20)第072140号责任編辋:钟谊段博原/文棄編軿:璐贾瑞娜仼校对:朱光光!贲任印制;安春生/封面设计:陈敬學桌訟出版北京乐域城恨北街6号邮哎:l0?17hitP/www.sciencep.com肀剩厂印刷科学击版社发行各地新华书经销2004乍2月第版开4:B5(720×100〕24年2月第次印印张:103印堂:12500字最20000定价:18.00元〔如有印装质量问题,我社负责调换〈新欣前&计箅机辅助几何造型技术》是计算机辅助设计与计算机辋助制造的基础课程,在机被、航空、航夭、船舶、汽车、家电制造等行业均有广泛的用途。计算机铺助几何造型技术是用数学理论描述自由曲线和出面的一种有效方法,它是计算机设计复杂曲面的算法基础,也是三维数字化技术的基础之一。目前國内、国际流行的著名大型 CAD CAM集成软件都使用了先进的几何造型曲面方法。本书主耍内容分为7章。第-章介绍曲线曲面论的基本知识,读者可以从中了解矢量代数基础,曲线曲面的基础,直纹面和可展曲面。第二章重点讲述样条龉线与ns曲面,包括三次样条函数、参数样条曲线、 rergusoll曲线和孔斯曲面,并且給出应用例子第三章讲述最常用的贝齐尔曲线与曲面,主要包括:贝齐尔曲线的定义与性质、贝齐尔曲线的儿何作图泫、贝齐尔曲线的合成、贝齐尔曲线的升阶和降阶、贝齐尔曲愿、贝齐尔曲面的合战、贝齐尔曲线曲的应用。第四章讲述B样条曲线和曲面基础,包括B样条曲线的定义与性质、三次均匀B样条曲线、三次均匀B祥条曲线的插值、双三次B样条曲面B样条曲面的应用。第五章讲述非均勻有理B样条由线与出面,介經非均匀B样条曲线与曲面的定义、性质和配套技术。笫六章介终由面求交的常用算法,包括曲面求交的分类与基本方法,分割算法、迭代法、追踪法。第七章介绍曲线面光顺,包括曲线出面光为的基本概念、曲线光顺方法和曲酉光顺方法,主要是各种算法的原理和步骤。每一章均附有习题可供读者练习时使用。作为非数学类本科生教材,本书省略了大量的数学推导和证明,考患到目前曲线和曲面技术的广泛应用,以讲解基木理论和基本概念为主,希望学生在使用本教树后,熊够对计算机辅助几何造型技术有一个较为深入地了解,对当前流行的CAD软件中曲线曲面造型的功能不仅知其然而豆知其所以然。《计算机助几何造型技术》课程学时约为5~颀0学时,其中有“*"的章节可作为选修内容本书由莫蓉三編兵中第一章、第二章、第四章由吴英编写,第三章由莫蓉编写,第五章、第六章、第十章常智男编写本书承蒙孙文焕教授主审,孙教投在审阅过程中为本节提出了许多宝贵意见;另外本教村能得以较快正式出版与科学出版社及西北工业大学教务处、数材科的大力支持是分不开的:在此一并向他们表示衷心的感谢。由于作者水平有限,书中的错误不妥之处在所难免,敬请读者不吝指正,作者将不陛慼激编者2004年1月目录前言第一章曲线曲面的基本知识…1.1矢量代数基硝1.1.1矢量b·■平q『即■甲曾即·甲曾■血中■『自■qq『·中鲁暂_普·自中·番平血·1.1,2直线的矢量方程■·冒■卜T■■p口q1.⊥3平面的矢量方程d口■■■直■■■■啁■幽1.2曲线论I2.1曲线的矢量力程和参数方41.2.2矢函数的导矢及其应用山41.3曲线的自然参数方程1.3,1自然参数方程………1.3,2出线论的基本公式………1.4率和挠率14.田率■■L晶■■142挠率…………141.5曲面………1.5,1曲面矢量方程和参数方程1.5.2曲画上的曲线及其切矢和曲面上法矢181.5.3曲面的等距面方程…中■■血■血■2016直纹面和可展曲面…………21b.1直纹面冒曾■12162可展曲网「-·F·-r4-幽4"ts.Hv:P44423习题血日t·自日q·1日甲·4日4·4A4·h由44■·鄂h·〓"=即·甲画24第二章样条曲线与Cons曲面…日血平亠·甲甲■■甲『4量晋P1■■山……·251基本概念■■■山山■252.t.1插值与通近……■中■■b■…………2522多项式基…2522三次样条函数及其力学背景……………………………262.3三次样条函数272.3.1定义……………………………………………………2723.2用型值点处的一阶导数表示插值三次样条曲线——m关系式272.3.3用型值点处的阶导数表示播值三次样条曲线M关系式23.4求解插值三次样条曲线的步骤235三次样条曲线局限性■■會會會■冒鲁鲁■個■口鲁■■…3524参数样条曲线噜■甲擊■擊甲P普甲冒241参数样条曲线24.2累加弦长参数样条解决“大挠度”的问题d“卜Bd血卜‘申372.4.3端点条件的换算■bψψ司ψ1ψ甲自■嚼■■■卡■普■■■↓4普昌b■4▲▲山▲244参数样条曲线的计算步骤…………■看hhd_4晶hd画鼻号·t甲平Pqv冒ppP冒q4ppb■自4392.5 fergus∞n曲线T"會會■會■血■會『血■『■甲m甲···日日日4·日日··日·血‘争甲甲甲日P蚤平号B蚤■425.1 Fergus参数曲线表达形式2.5.2 Ferguson曲线妄的拼接甲甲甲即日4-郾412.6Cxns曲面r會鲁■■個幽■幽『■■■4看■■■■↓卜■■■阝}画4226.1曲面表示法与记号……………432.6.2具有给定边界的 Coons曲面……4426.3真有给定边界和跨昇切矢的Cs曲面片…4864具有给定边其跨界切矢、跨界快率的Cxm曲面…50265双二次CUns曲面2.7三种定义曲面的基本方法532.7.l笛卡儿乘积法……幽血■■■■■L画晶』晶532.7.2母线法…5327.3布尔和法……………54习题甲甲q■上鲁■凸“■■■聊啁第三章贝齐尔曲縱与曲面…563.1贝齐尔曲线的定义与性质…备备+■■■■■■血幽■幽即聊聊↓着着昌昌晶……·56311贝齐尔曲线的定义暑■■1『h■D·■p血56312贝齐尔曲线的几何性质583.2贝齐尔曲线的几何作图法T冒■■■■■■623.2,1贝齐尔曲线的几何作图法322厌齐尔曲线的递归分割算法…633.3贝齐尔线的合成……··+--71.44即q443.31连线条件号拼接曲线的光滑度33.2贝齐尔曲线的合成及连续条件……65贝齐水曲线拼接的应用举例673,1贝齐尔曲线的升阶与降阶■bd幽■■号甲q■db4.贝齐尔曲线的不足…6834.2齐尔曲线的升阶与降阶……………!"683.5贝齐尔面■d■■■b■■■■國■703.5.1双三次贝齐尔曲面…·…s……"…s""!"703.5.2贝齐尔曲面的性质7236贝齐尔曲面的合成…LvP■平73361位置连续…甲日4日·即·日4···日4·日·日4··4‘P···日‘·‘·即47336.2界斜率连续………743.6.3只齐尔曲线曲应用………T6习题■甲P甲q77第四章B样条曲线和曲面■『T?冒■■冒■··『『+ TPTPTYP1■794.1B样条基函数的递推定义及其性质…794.1.1B样条基的递推定义4.1.2B样条基的推导过程804.13B样条基的性质4.2H样条曲线…■■矗画凸d………"…"…………834.2.1B样条曲线的定义…,……4.2.2B样条曲线性质………………844.2.3B样条曲线的分类p+·4-rb-T·"·"hr·血·÷4*"4t844.3均匀B样条曲线…r甲『■4■■■I·中·日+·口4日日■44卜A亠854.3.1三次均匀B样条画线表达形式…854.3,2二三次均每B样条曲线的几何性质…874.33特征顶点对曲线形状的影响4.3.4三次均匀B咩条曲线的算法…………………94.3,5二次均匀B样条曲线上qP■■kb山■■▲d“pp43.6三次参数曲线段的比较…924.4非均匀B样条曲线934.4.lB样条曲线的定义域……………934.2重节点对B样条基的影响44.3重节点对B样条由线的影响……954.5B样条曲面……T會會自■■■1_■■I■『■聊■;pp4.51双三次B样条出面片4.5.2双三次B样条曲面的方程…………………1014.53B样条曲面及其性质4.5,4三次均匀H样条曲面的算法…102习题甲■郾·■■■d■4■画甲b▲q"甲即·““4·画…………104第五章非均匀有理样条曲线与曲面·1065.1NRRS曲线的定义和性质……1075.1.]曲线方程的三种等价表示……1071.2NUR曲线三种去示方式的特点……5.1.3NJR曲线的儿何性质甲q4■4=q■唱司甲d■中即甲■■唱看■甲5.t4杈囚子对NRHS曲线形状的影响■郾■■■■dbdbd平qPFb【鲁5.1.5圆锥曲线泊表示■_曾甲晶_L■昌甲…………∷…………11252NURs曲面的定义和性质……5.2.1 NURBS曲面方程的三种表示方法■■·晶b晶郾d■山b■522NRHS曲面的性质………q;甲中}P■1175.2.3曲而权因子的几何意义冒TP口『■冒………117524常用曲面的NURB表示……鱼■中p口■■唱山■中52.5 NURES曲面的形状修收…………………………………………1205.3 NURBS曲线曲面的配套技术………………………1205.3.1 NURES曲线曲面求值、求导1甲■司司bb11205.32NRBS出线曲面拟合………125冒口』■■■……∵……132第六章曲面求交算法1336.1曲面求交的分类与基本方法国P■曾冒甲冒■■冒會■■罪■■■■■1336.1.1曲面求交的分类……………1336.12出面求交的基本力法………1336.2分割算法1356.2.1分割算法的本原理………1356.2.2分割算法的注意问题…1356.3迭代法…h■■m■■■·南Dp■d·13763,1迭代法的基本原理b甲。聊略甲4▲dL13763.2鑫数迭代法a日日·自甲『是4■普晋画■4■138633四参数迭代法4需意的间题…■■日■■■■平■『■TT曾■T■■■■……1406、4追踪法6.4.l追踪法基木过程…··日.甲·卜B山如如L当";a4-st上416.4.2 Lattice网格求交法…·"自■■■『■着■■■▲h■■■44←pp·4426.4.3迫踪法中的其他内容….…!143习题144第七章曲线曲面光顺1457.曲线曲面光顺的基本概念甲■■卩■1457.1}光顺的基木概念…■■↓■bdb|v甲甲nP■145?.1.2光顺性准划146

全新RTCM3.3协议完整版RTCM STANDARD 10403.3DIFFERENTIAL GNSS(GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS)SERVICES – VERSION 3DEVELOPED BYRTCM SPECIAL COMMITTEE NO. 104OCTOBER 7, 2016COPYRIGHT©2016 RTCMRadio Technical Commission for Maritime Services1611 N. Kent St., Suite 605Arlington, Virginia 22209-214RTCM Paper 141-2016-SC104-STD000ocRTCMco00c30RTCM 10403. 3, Differential GNSS Global Navigation Satellite Systems)Services- Version 3, October 7, 2016This standard (referred to as version 3 has been developed by rtCm special Committee 104 as a moreefficient alternative to the standards entitled rtcm recommended standards for diffe rentialRecommended Standards for Differential gNss Global Navigation Satellite Systems Service, Version 2.x(Current version is 2. 3, now designated as RTCM 10402. 3. Service providers and vendors represented onthe SC104 Committee wanted a new standard that would be more efficient, easy to use, and more easilyadaptable to new situations. The main complaint was that the version 2. x parity scheme, which useswords with 24 bits of data followed by 6 bits of parity, was wasteful of bandwidth. Another complaint wasthat the parity was not independent from word to word. Still another was that even with so many bitsdevoted to parity the actual integrity of the message was not as high as it should be. Plus, 30-bit wordsare awkward to handle. the new standard version 3 is intended to correct these weaknessesUnlike Version 2. x, this standard does not include tentative messages The messages in Version 3 haveundergone testing for validity and interoperability and are considered to be permanent. amendments tothe standard may change the meaning of reserved bits or provide additional clarifying text, but no changeswill be made in the data fields. Changes will require new messages to be developed. In addition to themessages described in the current standard the committee continues to develop new messages whichare described in separately published amendments and periodically gathered into a new edition of thestandard. RTCM 10403x for dgNSS services is proving useful in supporting highly accurate differentialand kinematic positioning as well as a wide range of navigation applications worldwideNote that Version 3 messages are not compatible with Version 2. x. Since many receivers have beendesigned and programmed for use with Version 2. x messages, rtCm is maintaining both standards0402 3 and 10403, 3 as" standardsVersion 3.0The initial edition consisted primarily of messages designed to support real-time kinematic (RTK)operations. The reason for this emphasis is that rtk operation involves broadcasting a lot of informationand thus benefits the most from an efficient data format. Version 3.0 provided messages that supportGPS and gloNaSs rTK operations including code and carrier phase observables antenna parametersand ancillary system parametersVersion 3. 1(RTCM Standard 10403.1:The next edition, Version 3. 1 (RTCM Standard 10403. 1), incorporated GPS Network Corrections, whichenable a mobile receiver to obtain accurate rtk information valid over a large area. In addition, new GPSand GLoNaSS messages provide orbital parameters to assist in rapid acquisition a Unicode text messageis also provided for the transmission of textual data. Finally a set of messages are reserved for vendorswho want to encapsulate proprietary data in their broadcasts the gps Network Corrections enable amobile receiver to obtain accurate rtk information valid over a large area. the network rtk correctioninformation provided to a rover can be considered as interpolated corrections between the referencestations in the rtk network this interpolation is not perfect and varies with the actual conditions of theatmosphere. A residual interpolation error has to be expected. With sufficient redundancy in the RtKnetwork, the network server process can provide an estimate for residual interpolation errors. Suchquality estimates may be used by the rover to optimize the performance of rtk solutions The values maybe considered by the rover as a priori estimates only with sufficient tracking data available the rovermight be able to judge residual geometric and ionospheric errors itselfVersion 3. 1. Amendment 1:Amendments 1 was an extensive addition that adds rtcm messages containing transformation data andinformation about Coordinate reference Systems. For rtCm data supporting a rtk service, coordinatesare measured within the itrf or a regional realization surve yors and other users of rtk services mustnormally present their results in the coordinates of local datums. Therefore, coordinate transformationsare necessary. by having RTCM messages that contain transformation data and information about theCoordinate reference systems the users of the rtk service can obtain their results in the desired datumwithout any manual operations. the rtk service providers can then ensure that current information forthe computation of the transformations is always used. the convenience of this method will promote theacceptance of rtK servicesVersion 3. 1. amendment 2:Amendment 2 added residual error messages to support the use of Non-Physical or Computed referenceStations in a network rtk environmentVersion 3. 1. amendment 3:Amendment 3 addressed differences in the way gnss receiver manufacturers have implemented carrierphase encoding of some Version 3 messages so that carrier phase observations are in phase for all carrierphases of a specific frequency i e. they correct for quarter cycle phase shifts. others retain the quartercycle offset between the carrier phase observations in the data. this amendment documents the waydifferent manufacturers have handled the phase shift issue and prescribes a uniform approach for futureproducts.∨ersiⅰon3.1, Amendment4:Amendment 4 added sections 3.5.13 on glONASS Network rtK Correction Messages and 3.5. 14 on FKPNetwork Rtk Correction Messages Related revisions were also made elsewhere in the document.Version 3. 1. amendment 5Amendment 5 added section 3. 5. 12 on State Space Representation related revisions are also madeelsewhere in the document, along with some editorial correctionsVersion 3. 2(RTCM Standard 10403.2)Version 3.2 consolidates Version 3. 1 and all five amendments into a new edition, and it adds MultipleSignal Messages (MSM)as well. the Multiple Signal Message (MSm)format generates receiverobservables in the same way for all included satellite systems. the messages include compact and fullmessages for Pseudorange, PhaseRange, Carrier to Noise Ratio (standard and high resolution), andPhaseRangeratea table near the beginning of the standard lists which messages were included in each separate editionand amendment, so it should not be necessary for users to refer to older versions. Multiple signalMessages are a generic format that will be followed for all GNSs systems. version 3 originally consisted ofmessages for GPS and GLONASS, each in their own format Now with the imminent addition of signals forBeiDou, Galileo, and QZSS, as well as new signals provided by modernized GPS and GloNASS satellitesthe need for a consistent generic format became evident. service providers and users are urged to migrateto the MsM messages to make it easier to accommodate new gNss services(See The RTCM Multiple Signal Messages: A New Step in GNSS Data Standardization")Another newmessage is the gloNaSS Bias Information message. This message provides information which is intendedto compensate for the first-order inter-frequency phase range biases introduced by the reference receivercode- phase biasVersion 3.2, Amendment 1:Added Galileo F/NAv Satellite Ephemeris Data(msg. 1045 )and Bds MSM(msgs. 1121-1127)Version 3.2 amendment 2Added qzss ephemeris(msg. 1044 )and QZss MSm (msgs. 1111-1117Version 3. 3(RTCM Standard 10403.3)This new edition adds Satellite-Based Augmentation System Multiple Signal Messages to previouslydopted messages for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QzssA new ephemeris message has been added for BeiDou(BDS)and a new I/NAV ephemeris message hasbeen added for Galileo. The new edition also reserves 100 messages be used exclusively by sc104 fornew message developmentFinally, the new edition makes consolidates previous amendments and makes numerous editorialImprovementsNavstar GPS Service, Version 2. x. Service providers and vendors represented on the scco000c30z1O2co00c30Contentsco00c30

matlab 室内三维定位算法，改进的Toa算法

配合博客https://blog.csdn.net/yu_lei_/article/details/81813203的资源其中JSBSim已经编译完成，运行bat脚本即可启动JSBSim仿真，仿真结果和画图脚本见说明。

光伏MPPT控制，光伏MPPT控制，光伏MPPT控制，光伏MPPT控制，光伏MPPT控制，

ABC人工蜂群算法的MATLAB实现感觉还算好用 个别可以自己修改一下

《全国计算机等级考试二级教程MS Office高级应用》教材的光盘内容，包括第三章excel的案例文件。对于自学者有用。

用MFC做的FTP客户端 实现上传与下载 ，支持断点续传

IEC 60870 part 5 [1] is one of the IEC 60870 set of standards which define systems used for telecontrol (supervisory control and data acquisition) in electrical engineering and power system automation applications. Part 5 provides a communication profile for sending basic telecontrol messages betwee