计算机专业毕业设计汇总大合集（论文+源码）

1、均值滤波可以有效地去除叠加在低频信号上的噪声2、已知已调信号 ，其中调制信号 ，载波为 。使用FFT分析该已调信号的频谱并对它进行解调，以恢复原调制信号。

引导功能很强大，支持样式多，支持事件监听，基本够用了，详见下图

MFC编的通讯录小程序，可以添加查找删除等

matlab 算术编码 suanshubian matlab matlab

多摩川编码器说明书 串行信号接收芯片AU5561可 以解码Ts5647、 Ts5648、Ts5667、 Ts5668、 Ts5669等 型号的编码器 ,可以提供40到iiO位串并信号的转换 ,并且可以和1s/32位 CPU或DsP总线接 口。AU5661N1,提 供中断信号与CPU同步 ,它也能在没有CPU的两种方式 (手动模式 )下读取编码器数据 :lD3(单回转数据 ,多回转数据与报警7S508TS5170O/S128serieso/S85 series产品类型增量式产品类型增量式incrementalIncremental电源电压电源电压Supply voltageDC+24V±20%Supply voltageDC+5V±5%外径128Imrn85mm分解能25~5000C/T分解能9600~50,000CResolutionResolution输出方式电压输出 otago Cutput输出方式长线驱动Output for推拉互补输出 Push pul OutputOutput formLine Drive保护构造P=57保护构造P-52Protective constructionProtective construction质量7 kg Max据置型,8 kg max/加载型质量1 kg MaxMassvass用途: Application用途: Application制造钢铁生产线 Iron steel line■交流伺服马达 AC servo motors工程机械 Machine tools造纸生产线 Paper Producing LineT55410S5647755648O/S90 SeriesSA56 Series产品类型增量式产品类型智能绝对式IncrementalSmart Abs电源电压DC+5V±5%电源比压Supply VoltageSupply Voltage外径56mmSizeSize分解能00c0C/T,100,000G丌,12000T,分解能20or16oit多回转计数量16bt器Resolution36000CcT,400,000c7,480,0007Resolution(65,536转)合计6or32bt输出方式长线驱动20 or 16bit/tum and 16bit/65, 536Output formturns(total 36 or 32bit)保护构造输出方式Protective constructionOutput formLine driver质量3kg Max保护构造开放构造Protective constructionNot Enclosed用途: Application0. 6kg Max测量设备 Measuring Equipment工程机械 Machine tools用途: Application■工程机械 Machine tools机器人 Robots机器人 Robots计测机器 Measuring Instruments高精度角度割出装置Hgh- accuracy Angular Indexing Equipment半导体生产设备 Semiconductor manufacturing Equipment7S5667N2537S5667N650SA100 SeriesSA135 Seeres产品类型智能绝对式产品类型智能绝对式Smart AbsSmart Abs电源电压电源电压DC+5V±5%DC45V±5%Supply voltageSupp y voltage外径135mm100mm分解能17b转,16bt转总计3bt分解能17b转,16多转总计33btResolution17cit/um and 1 6bit multitums Total 33 bitResolution7btturm and 16bit multiturn Total 33 bit长线驱动输出方式长线驱动输出方式Output formLinc drivcrLine Driver保护构造保护构造P-40Protective constructionProtective construction质量12 ka Max(不含引线)质量15 kg max(不含引线) Without cable)Mass(Without cable)用途: Application用途: Application大功率马达 Large wattage motors大功率马达 Large wattage motors机器人 Robots机器人 Robots工程机械 Machine Tools工程机械 Machine tools树脂成形机 njection Machines树脂成形机 njection MachinesQAnD艾而特22电梯专用编码器ELEVATOR ENCODER尺寸 mm Dimer sion mmTS5200N500PCD4Do/H48Serieshounding plate details蝙码器安装面Encocer mounting surtace用途特点252M3闪六角丝APPLICATIONFEATURESpicket se: screw在轴上痄荐尺寸(Attachedsions or shaft●有齿、无齿电引机●易安装Gear and gearless tractive motor Easy to attach除非特别说明,否则公券一律为=05 mnUnless otherwise specified tolerance is s+n5m尺寸 mm Dimension mnTS5200N400p35O/H60Series空」用途特点APPLICATIONFEATURES器有齿、无齿曳引机易安装雄明细图内六角手拧紧Gear and gearless tractive motorEasy to attach轴推荐尺寸出除非特别说明,否则公差一律为±0.5 Ium Urless otherwise spccificd tolerance is+0:m755208N1e OlH100 series式样SPECIFICATIONS135●输出方式:长线驱动、推拉互补、集电极开路、正余弦=52留投线表CTION TABLEOutput form: Line Driver, push Pull, open collector, Sincos我色功能「引线频色。●电源电压 Supply voltage:5-15V●分解能 resolution:1024、40965000、6000、8190、10000CT当U儿在轴上批荐只寸抽璃址图、的普属2警出PU安装方式:各种各样Attaching way: VariousOH分解能C丌光电式 Optical外径SizeN。 TSLLLUNLI增量型中48mmResolution中6o512中空轴 Hollow Shalt4100mm1024TS5208编码器 EncoderTs5213翰出相4096TS5216ABZs52176 A, B, Z u, M,wTs52337: A, B, ZFOF1F2, F360008192TS524610000TS5236输出方式C:开放电极 Open Co lecto拉写补 Push pull长线驱动 Line driver⑧对于特殊情况,请联系我们O For special cases, pleasc consult us.23【AnD艾而特连接方面的注意事项NOTICE IN TRANSMITTING1.怎样连接到电源1. HOW TO CONNECT TOA POWER SUPPLY应该通过单独的带屏蔽线的电源线进行连接,任何Connection should be made using a plus and ground不正确的连接方法或不合适的连接线都可能导致传power line which is shielded within a single insulatedcable. Incorrect connection or improper cables will cause输噪音。unwanted noise in transmission编码器应该单独连接到电源,并且独立于编码器一The encoder should be connected to the power supply起作的电子设备,每样设备都应该使用独立的电separate from the electric device that the encoder is缆连接到电源。operating. Each should be connected to the power supplyusing separate cables而不要通过中间电子设备连接到电源。编码器和中Do not connect the encoder thru the electric device to间电子设备的地线之间仔在的阻抗会导致编码器和the power supply. The potential difference between the电源之间产生潜在的差异,这种差异将导致异常ground levels of the encoder and the power supply willbe produced by impedance of zero level bus within theelectric device. This will cause malfunction.编码器输出Encoder Output编码器输出coder Output电源电了装置电源④电子装置PowerElectricSupply编码PowerSupplyElectric device掮码器′Bu图-1好例子图-2不可取例子Fig 1 Favorable SampleFig2. No Recommendable Sampl2.地线应该尽可能的粗2. GROUND LINE SHOULD BEAS THICK AS POSSIBLEIi是电源旳输岀电流,Io是编码器流过地线的输li for power supply current and lo for output signals of an州燃出信号,Re是接地线直流阻抗,Ⅵ为输出信号可encoder will flow thru a ground line. In case of Re for DCresistance of the ground line, VL for the level of the output表达如下signals will be as followsVL=(o+li)·Re(V)=(o+i)·Re(V)ⅥL值不会超出接收器阈值电平Vt,Re要尽可能小The value of vi should not exceed t of threshold level因为当Ⅵ接近Ⅵ时,编码器对于外部噪音米说是脆for a receiver. Re should be as small as possible sincethe encoder will be vulnerable to external noise when Vl弱的。is closer toⅥt.对丁长距离信号传送,除了电源插头上的一条地线In case of long-distance transmission, another ground外,再加·条地线也是必要的。line besides the ground line paired with the plus line maybe necessary.〖()AnD艾而特243.外壳和电路之间短接3. SHORT BETWEEN CASE GROUNDAND CIRCUIT GROUND在喚音比较重的环境中,在编码器外壳地和电路地In case of having noise more than 50V between case之间的噪音信号可能会超过50V,编码器电路可能会ground and circuit ground under noisy circumstances, anelectric circuit for an encoder may not function normally.出现功能异常,在这种情况下,我们建议将外壳和In this case, the short-circuiting of case ground and cir电路地短接。cuit ground is recommendable然而,有时侯由于传送距离过长,短接可能会产生一However, in case that other adverse effects appear些相反的效果,或者说根本不可能将其短接时,我们 because of a long transmitting distance when case andcircuit ground for an encoder are short-circuited and in建议将外壳和电路之间加接个几个微法的有较好的case shorting them is impossible for some reason, it is频率特性的电容,用米做过滤噪音的滤波器。recommendable to provide, between case and circuitground, a few micro farad condensers with better fre-uency characteristics used for a noise filter.4.电源线有噪声的情况4. IN CASE OF HAVING NOISE ONPOWER LINE电源应该通过一根完全被屏蔽好了的传输线提供给Power should be supplied to an encoder thru a transmit-编码器,这样就不会有喚音信号出现在电源线上。ting line completely shielded so that no noise occurrs onpower line将屏蔽线接地以稳定信号Stable potential should be maintained by grounding thehield有必要加长屏蔽线,这样在编码器附近的传输线就It is necessary to distribute lines so that a transmitting不会被暴露在屏蔽线外面。line should not be exposed from the shield near anencoder删5编码带输出信号有尖峰的情况5. IN CASE OF SPIKE WAVESBETWEEN OUTPUT SIGNALSFOR AN ENCODER在尖峰脉冲出现的情况下,将由双绞线传送信号消In case of spike waves as shown in fig 3, Spike waves除尖峰脉冲。shall be deleted by transmitting by twist pair shield line尖峰信号尖峰信号图-3峰形波图-3峰形波Fig 3 spike wavesFig 3 spike waves6.编码器盒的潜在安全措施6. POTENTIAL STABILIZATION FORAN ENCODER CASE编码器盒必须被保持在稳定的电位状态。An encoder case must be maintained in stable potential5[AnD艾而特传送距离TRANSMITTING DISTANCE在开放集电极的情况下!IN CASE OF OPEN COLLECTOR传输距离在大约50m以内(12VDC上拉),20mA集电极Transmission within a distance of about 50m(12V DC pull电流将是允许的!up) and 20mA as collector current shall be allowable在长距离传输的情况下,带光耦的接受电路在图4In case of a long range transmission, receiving circuit with适合消灭在传输线中的噪音!photo couplers in fig. 4 is suitable for eliminating noisein transmission编码器屏酸线编码器屏蔽线EncoderShield CableShield Cable≤RR2Dc输出输出Output图-4Fig.4图-4Fig.4在长线驱动的情况下IN CASE OF LINE DRIVER26Ls3126LS32(编码器 Encoder/※传送距离1km以下编码器 Encoder/※传送距离1m以下Transfer distance 1km MaxTransfer distance 1km max双絞线屏蔽双绞线屏蔽Twisted Pair Shield cableTwisted Pair Shield Cable图-5Fg.5图-5Fig.5在推拉互补的情况下!IN CASE OF COMPLIMENTARY双绞线屏蔽双绞线屏辙Twisted Pair Shield CableTwisted Pair Shield CableA:2Sc3733B: 2SA1电源 Power SupplyA2sC3733电源 Power SupplyB2SA1460A这XGNDXXXX GND厂输出信号线输出信号线itput signal编码器 EncoderL:负载L编码器EL:负载ncodeL: Load怎样使用编码器控制信号H0WT0 USE ENCODER G0 NTROL SIGNALS反向输入REVERSE INPUT通过端了“”或‘L”输入可以改变编4.7kgEncoder direction can be changed by码器方向,CCW和CW之间切换成为可能。输入inputting Hor L to this terminal.如果不需要改变方向,电路输入4.7K欢In case of no necessity of changing相对的电压为正5伏电压,或接地direction wire this terminal to +5v thru4.7K Q2 or ground to the terminal.门集输入GATE INPUT在该端子输入"凵"低电平可以保持编码器的Angle data for an encoder shall be held角度数据(直到输入高电平将数据锁存)by inputting L to this terminal(Data shall be latched until H is输入putted)数据输入门电路后,大约需10μs的时间rptAfter inputting data to gate, about 10us米锁存数据,因此这段时间过去后才能is required to latch data. So data can be刷新数据。renewed after passing this elapsed time.〖)AnD艾而特26用语定义DEFINITIONS在本书中主要术语的定义如下Definitions of principal terminology used in this catalog areas follows①旋转式编码器:一种将轴旋转角度转化为数字信息的检测① Rotary encoder: a detector that converts the rotary dis.placement of the shaft into digital signal.②增量型:根据轴旋转位移输出脉冲序列的类型2)Incremental type The type that outputs a pulse train inaccordance with the rotary displacement of the shaft.③光电型:通过检测旋转轴上改变的光量来接收信号的类型, Optical type. The type that rece, due to is by detecting在轴上附带了光电检测机构和光栅the shaft, coming with an optical detecting mechanismand an optical lattice fixed to the shaft.④磁性型:通过检测轴上旋转而改变的磁场来接收信号4 Magnetic type The type that receives signals by detect-ing the change in the magnetic field due to the rotation ofthe shaft, coming with an magnetic detecting mechanismand a magnetic lattice fixed to the shaft⑤2相输出:一种由A、B相输出信号组成的模式,其相位差为⑤2 phase output: A mode with two outputs called A phase/4周期。⑥6相输出:一种由A、B、Z相和U、V、W相组成的模式。(66-phase output: A mode consisting of A, B Phase andZero reference pulse commutation output of UWw signal⑦参考0位:也叫做Z相,作为转一圈的位置参考(7) Zero reference: Output(also called Z phase)which servesas reference for the position during one rotation.⑧开集输出:输出采川共发射极电路,并且集电极开路。(8)Open collector output An output circuit having the emitter of the transistor of the output circuit as common ancthe collector of open typeNPNNPNK⑨长线驱动输出:输出电路兼容EA(电子工业协会)(9) Line driver output Output circuit in compliance with EIARS-122A(Electric Industries Association)RS-422A(Some products are excepted from the standard.c outo out⑩最大旋转速度:轴的旋转对机械允许的速度最大值(10 Maximum rotation speed: The value indicating the maximum revolving speed mechanically permissible witrespect to the rotation of the shaft.假①最大响应频率:轴的旋转对电气响应的最大频率(有时受① Maximum response frequency: Frequency showing th最大转速限制)。limit of electrical response with respect to the rotationtne shaft(Sometimes limited by the maximum permissiblrotation speed)①2径向负载:轴的径向负载(12 Radial load: A vertical load onto the shaft①3推力负载:轴的轴向负载。(13)Thrust load A longitudinal load onto the shaft⑩轴类型:从旋转式编码器本身连接轴的轴结构。(14) Shaft type A structure with a shaft projecting from throtary encoder body.⑩中空轴类型:轴中空,被测量部分的轴直接被插入来迮接。① Hollow shaft type: A shaft with a hole inside, into whica shaft of the measured side is directly inserted for co⑩UW信号:元刷马达的120度相位差3信号(电气角16 UVW signal: Three signals of 120 phase difference forbrushless motor.240W①绝对编码器的备用电池:多回转绝对值编码器上用来提供 Battery backup absolute encoder: A multiturn absolu给计数ICencoder with counter IC provided within it.⑩3串行传输:传达许多数据信号系统以时差给电路的Serial transmission A system of transmitting many da输出线signals with time differences to an output line of a circuit27【AnD艾而特1.保护构造的种类和各类命名Types and Designations of protective structure表1防止固体物进入的保护结构种类Table 1 Types of Protective Structure against Entry of Solids第1记号保护等级First CodingProtection Degree3(半封闭型)固体的末端直径2.5mm或不能进入甲面。3( Semi totally-enclosed typeEnds of solids 2.5mm or over in diameter do not enter inside4(全封閉型)固体的末端直径1.0mm或不进入里面。4(Totally-enclosed typeEnds of solids 1. 0mm or over in diameter do not enter inside5(防尘型编码器所定的动作及安全性阻止粉尘进入。5(Dustproof typeDust that impairs the designed operation or safety of the rotary encoder do not enter inside6(耐尘型)粉尘不进入里面。6(Dusttight typeDust particles do not enter inside.表2对水侵入的保护结构的种类Table 2 Types of Protective Stucture against Entry of Water第2记号保护等级Second CodingProtection Degree0(开放型)不能防止水不进入。o(Open typeNot protected against entry of water.2(防滴2型)沿垂直15度以内下落水滴没有损害。2(Drip-proof 2 typeSubject to no harmful effects by waterdrops falling at angles 15 or less from vertical.3(防雨型)沿垂直60度以内下落水滴没有损害。3(Rain-proof typeSubject to no harmful effects by waterdrops falling at angles 60%or less from vertical4(防喷雾型)由任意方向喷雾都没有损害。4(Spray-proof type,Subject to no harmful effects by water spray from any direction.5(防喷射型)由任意方向喷射都没有损害。5( Jet-proof typeSubject to no harmful effects by water jets from any direction6(防水型)由任何方向直接喷流的水都没有损害。6(Water-proof type)Impervious to water in strong jets from any direction. ( Note 1)7(防浸型)规定的压力和时间浸没在水之下没有水进入7(Immersion-proof typeNo water entering when immersed under water at specified pressure for specified time注:耐水型意思是产品结构上不会让强水柱由任意方向进入,但Note(1)"Water-proof"means a structure that does not allow the entry of假不代表结构允许在水下使用water against strong water jets from any directions, but it doesnot mean a structure that allows use under water.2.保护构造的命名2. Designations of Protective Structure编码器的防护结构的命名包括防护结构文字IP,第1The designation of protective structure of a rotary记号和第2记号次序。encoder is comprised with IP meaning the protectivestructure. first characteristic numeral and second characteristic numeral in this order如果或第一代码或第二个代码不被指定,它必须由XIn case either the first code or the second code is not代表specified, it must be represented by X.例1|P40|P40Characteristic letters例2|P65第2记号(开放型)Example 1 IP 40 P 40Example 2 IP 652nd characteristic numeral例3|P4X第1记号(全闭型)例4|PX5Example 3 IP 4X1st characteristic numeralExample 4 IPX5(AnD艾而特28换算表CONVERSION TABLE二进制总数°(度)(分(秒Binary Bit Countsdegree(min)(sec)128281251687510125001.406258437550625095120.70312542.1875253125100351562521.093751265632,0480.1757812510.546875632811240960.087890642552734375316.411381920.0439453132.636718751582014163840.0219726561.31835937579101532,7680.0109863280.65917968839551665,5360.0054931640.3295898441978131,0720.0027465820.1647949229.18262,1440.0013732910.0823974614.94192880.0006866460.0411982.201.0485760.003433230.0205993651.242,097,1520.0001716610.0102996830.624,194,3040.0000858310.0051498410.31228388,6080.0000429150.0025749210.152416,777,2160.0000214580.00128746033.5544320.00010290.0006437300.0467,1088640.00000536400003218650.019134,217,7280.0000026820.0001609330010268435,456000001410.000804660.00229536,870,9120.0000006710.000040233301,073,741,8240.0000003350.0000201170.001角度换算表ANGLE CONVERSION TABLE1弧度( radian)=57295780=34377468=206,264801°=0174533弧度( radian)=17.4533mrad1=00290888弧度( radian)=290888mrad1”=.00000484814弧度( radian)=00484814mrad.角度概念角度(视角)(视角d相当于人的标准身高17T10.000秒(28度)35m秒(0.28度350m秒(0.028度3.5km10秒35km(东京←→八王子)(饭田←→伊那2秒180km(东京←·饭田)1秒350km(东京←→京都)0.6秒东京←→八户)0.5秒650km(饭田←→八户0.1秒冲绳←→北海道稚内5.00km(到达静止卫星的距离角度x距离29【△DD艾而特

完成了基于RA8875自身绘图功能的文字显示、多边形显示以及触摸屏控制等功能。本程序基于SK-M32F407开发板，LCD为RA8875驱动的800x480屏幕。由于硬件可能有所不一致，需要经过改动才能移植成功到目标板上。特别注意的是，我所用的LCD的制作者不知为何故意将R和G的信号线调反了（具体可以看LCD的原理图我有上传），故本程序的色序为BGR，而不是RA8875默认的RGB。

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利用matlabgui编程实现男女变声的代码。

【实例简介】系统初始界面；登陆界面设计 ；学生信息录入；学生信息修改；学生信息查询；学生成绩录入；修改学生成绩；学生成绩查询 ；用户管理 该项目用PyCharm 可直接打开，数据库内嵌，可直接用

sklearn0.19中文文档 PDF格式高清。.1. 广义线性模型1.1.1. 普通最小二乘法1.1.1.1. 普通最小二乘法复杂度1.1.2. 岭回归1.1.2.1. 岭回归的复杂度1.1.2.2. 设置正则化参数：广义交叉验证1.1.3. Lasso1.1.3.1. 设置正则化参数1.1.3.1.1. 使用交叉验证1.1.3.1.2. 基于信息标准的模型选择1.1.3.1.3. 与 SVM 的正则化参数的比较1.1.4. 多任务 Lasso1.1.5. 弹性网络1.1.6. 多任务弹性网络1.1.7. 最小角回归1.1.8. LARS Lasso1.1.1.监督学习1.1.广义线性模型o1.1.1.普通最小二乘法1.1.1.1.普通最小二乘法复杂度o1.1.2.岭回归1.1.2.1.岭回归的复杂度1.1.22.设置正则化参数:广义交叉验证o 113. Lasso■1.1.3.1.设置正则化参数1.1.3.1.1.使用交叉验证■1.1.3.1.2.基于信息标准的模型选择1.1.3.1.3.与SVM的正则化参数的比较o1.1.4.多任务 Lassoo1.1.5.弹性网络o1.1.6.多任务弹性网络o1.1.7.最小角回归o.8. LARS Lasso■1.1.8.1.数学表达式o1.1.9.正交匹配追踪法(OMP)o1.1.10.贝叶斯回归1.1.10.1.贝叶斯岭回归1.1.10.2.主动相关决策理论-ARD1.1.11. logistic回归o1.1.12.随机梯度下降,SGDo1.1.13. Perceptron(感知器)o1.1.14. Passive Aggressive Algorithms(被动攻击算法)o1.1.15.稳健回归( Robustness regression):处理离群点( outliers)和模型错误1.1.15.1.各种使用场景与相关概念■1.1.15.2. RANSAC:随机抽样一致性算法( RANdomSAmple Consensus1.1.15.2.1.算法细节1.1.15.3.Thel-sen预估器:广义中值估计1.1.153.1.算法理论细节1.1.154. Huber回归1.1.155.注意1.1.16.多项式回归:用基函数展开线性模型1.2.线性和二次判别分析o1.2.1.使用线性判别分析来降维o12.2.LDA和QDA分类器的数学公式o123.LDA的降维数学公式o1.2.4. Shrinkage(收缩)o12.5.预估算法1.3.内核岭回归1.4.支持向量机o1.4.1.分类■1.4.1.1.多元分类■1.4.1.2.得分和概率1.4.1.3.非均衡问题1.4.2.回归o143.密度估计,异常( novelty)检测o1.4.4.复杂度o1.4.5.使用诀窍o1.4.6.核函数1.4.6.1.自定义核14.6.1.1.使用 python函数作为内核1.4.6.1.2.使用Gram矩阵14.6.1.3.RBF内核参数o1.4.7.数学公式1.4.7.1.sVC■1.4.7.2. NuSVo1.4.7.3.sVRo14.8.实现细节1.5.随机梯度下降o1.5.1.分类o1.5.2.回归1.5.3.稀疏数据的随机悌度下降o1.5.4.复杂度o1.5.5.实用小贴士o1.5.6.数学描述■1.5.6.1.SGDo1.5.7.实现细节1.6.最近邻o1.6.1.无监督最近邻■1.6.1.1.找到最近邻1.6.1.2. KDTree和 BallTree类1.62.最近邻分类o16.3.最近邻回归o1.6.4.最近邻算法1.64.1.暴力计算■1.6.4.2.K-D树1.64.3.Ba|树■1.6.4.4.最近邻算法的选择1.6.4.5.1 eaf size的影响o165.最近质心分类1.6.5.1.最近缩小质心1.7.高斯过程o1.7.1.高斯过程回归(GPR)o1.7.2.GPR示例1.7.2.1.具有噪声级的GPR估计1.722.GPR和内核岭回归( Kernel Ridge Regression)的比较1.7.2.3. Mauna loa co2数据中的GRRo1.7.3.高斯过程分类(GPC)o1.7.4.GPC示例1.7.4.1.GPC概率预测■1.74.2.GPC在XOR数据集上的举例说明■1.7.4.3.iris数据集上的高斯过程分类(GPC)o1.7.5.高斯过程内核1.7.5.1.高斯过程内核AP■1.7.5.2.基础内核■1.7.5.3.内核操作1.7.5.4.径向基函数内核1.7.5.5. Matern内核1.7.5.6.有理二次内核1.7.5.7.正弦平方内核1.7.58.点乘内核■1.7.5.9.参考文献o1.7.6.传统高斯过程1.7.6.1.回归实例介绍1.7.62.噪声数据拟合17.6.3.数学形式1.7.6.3.1.初始假设■1.7.6.32.最佳线性无偏预测(BLUP)1.7.6.3.3.经验最佳线性无偏估计( EBLUP)1.7.6.4.关联模型1.7.6.5.回归模型1.7.6.6.实现细节1.8.交叉分解1.9.朴素贝叶斯o1.9.1.高斯朴素贝叶斯o1.92.多项分布朴素贝叶斯1.9.3.伯努利朴素贝叶斯1.9.4.堆外朴素贝叶斯模型拟合1.10.决策树o1.10.1.分类o1.10.2.回归o1.10.3.多值输出问题o1.10.4.复杂度分析o1.10.5.实际使用技巧1.10.6.决策树算法:ID3,C4.5,c5.0和CARTo1.10.7.数学表达1.10.7.1.分类标准■1.10.7.2.回归标准1.11.集成方法o1.111. Bagging meta-estimator( Bagging元估计器)o1.11.2.由随机树组成的森林1.11.2.1.随机森林1.11.2.2.极限随机树1.11.2.3.参数1.11.24.并行化1.11.2.5.特征重要性评估1.11.2.6.完全随机树嵌入o 1.113. AdaBoost1.11.3.1.使用方法o1.114. Gradient Tree Boosting(梯度树提升)1.11.4.1.分类1.11.42.回归1.114.3.训练额外的弱学习器1.11.4.4.控制树的大小■1.11.4.5. Mathematical formulation(数学公式)■1.11.4.5.1. LoSS Functions(损失函数)1.114.6. Regularization(正则化)■1.14.6.1.收缩率( Shrinkage)■1.1.4.6.2.子采样( Subsampling)■1.11.4.7. Interpretation(解释性)1.114.7.1. Feature importance(特征重要性)1.114.7.2. Partial dependence(部分依赖)o1.11.5. Voting Classifier(投票分类器)1.115.1.多数类标等(又称为多数/硬投票)1.11.5.1.1.用法■1.11.52.加权平均概率(软投票)1.11.5.3.投票分类器( Voting Classifier)在网格搜索( Grid search)应用1.11.5.3.1.用法1.12.多类和多标签算法o1.12.1.多标签分类格式o1.12.2.1对其余1.122.1.多类学习1.122.2.多标签学习o1.12.3.1对11.12.3.1.多类别学习o1.12.4.误差校正输出代码1.12.4.1.多类别学习o1.12.5.多输出回归o1.12.6.多输出分类o1.12.7.链式分类器·1.13.特征选择1.13.1.移除低方差特征o1.13.2.单变量特征选择o1.13.3.递归式特征消除o1.13.4.使用 Select From Mode选取特征■1.13.4.1.基于L1的特征选取1.13.4.2.基于Tree(树)的特征选取1.13.5.特征选取作为 pipeline(管道)的一部分1.14.半监督学习o1.14.1.标签传播1.15.等式回归1.16.概率校准1.17.神经网络模型(有监督)o1.17.1.多层感知器o1.17.2.分类o1.17.3.回归o1.17.4.正则化o1.17.5.算法o1.17.6.复杂性o1.17.7.数学公式o1.178.实用技巧o1.17.9.使用 warm start的更多控制