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论文，高速光纤通信与数字信号处理。相干光接收，频偏估计，相位估计，算法。Y175785独创性(或创新性)声明本人声明所呈交的论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢中所罗列的内容以外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包含为获得北京邮电大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。申请学位论文与套料若有不实之处,本人承担一切相关责任。本人签名:-/b日期:200列2关于论文使用授权的说明学位论文作者完全了解北京邮电大学有关保留和使用学位论文的规定,即:研究生在校攻读学位期间论文工作的知认产权单位属北京邮电大学学校有权保留并向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘,允许学位论文被查阅和借阅:学校可以公布学位论文的全部或部分内容,可以允许采用影印、缩印或其它复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。本人签名:日期:20°3.2导师签名:日期:100Gb/ s PM-QPSK相干光接收机载波频偏估计和相位恢复算法的研究摘要通信网络中高速率业务的不断发展,对现有的城域网络及省际、国际骨干通信网络的传输带宽提出了更高、更迫切的要求。从目前主流的1040Gbp光传输技术向100Gbs演进成为光传输技术的发展趋势。近年来大量研究表明,相位调制及相干接收是最具前景的100Gbs光传输方式。其中,采用相干接收技术的偏振复用QPSK( PM-QPSK传输系统最被业界认可。该系统的符号速率比比特率降低4倍,因此有较高的光谱利用率,且收发机结构相对简单实现相对容易。此外,信道中的各种损伤,如色散、载波频偏、相位偏移等导致的信号损伤,都能在接收机中通过电域的数字信号处理(DSP)来灵活地补偿。对调相信号,载波与本振间的频率和相位偏移会使信号产生较大的相位失真,频偏估计和相位恢复成为相干接收机中两个重要的功能模块。本文在国家863计划课题“1000b/s相干光传输关键技术研究(2009AA01Z221)”资助下,对上述系统接收机载波频偏和相位恢复算法展开了深入研究,主要内容如下:1.研究了 PM-QPSK的系统组成结构,重点研究了接收机DSP各组成模块的功能,并设计实现了相干接收机后端Maab仿真平台。2.详细分析了载波频偏估计算法,设计了算法并行处理实施方案以解决现有硬件处理速率不足够高的问题,并仿真验证了方案的可行性。设计了四次方频偏估计算法的并行结构;提出了基于误码性能反馈的 BA-PADE( BER-Aided pre-decision- based Angle DifferentialEstimator)算法,解决了传统PADE要求初始频偏设置与真实频偏接近的问题;提出了基于PADE的并行处理算法一一分组PADE( Grouped-PADE)。所设计方案均通过系统仿真验证了可行性。3.详细分析了载波相位恢复算法,为采用现有FPGA或DSP实现l00Gb/级信号处理,设计了载波相位恢复并行处理方案并仿真验证了方案的可行性。设计了基于Ⅴ iterbj- Viterbi的优化算法及其并行处理结构,将其同频偏估计并行算法联合进行了二进制定点仿真分析,仿真结果表明并行处理方案可显著降低硬件处理速率要求。关键词光传输相干接收频偏相位恢复THE RESEARCH OF FREQUENCY OFFSET ESTIMATIONAND PHASE RECOVERY ALGORITHMFOR 100Gbs OPTICAL COHERENT PM-QPSK RECEIVERABStRcTThe rapid development of high bit-rate services in communicationnetworks has instantly demanded a much higher bandwidth of coretransmission links in WAN, inter-province and international networks.The upgrade from the existing 10G/40G optical transmission to 100G hasbeen a trend. The research in recent years indicates that systems withphase modulation and coherent detection are the most promising, ofwhich PM-QPsk gets most recognitionThe PM-QPsK lowers the symbol rate as 1/4 of bit rate whichprovide high spectrum efficiency, and the transceiver structure ofPM-QPSK is simpler and so is easier to realize. Besides, with digitalalgorithms, the electrical Digital Signal Processing(DSP)in thee receivercan flexibly compensate the channel distortion caused by dispersion,carrier frequency offset and phase distortion. Since the phase distortioncaused by frequency and phase offset between lo and carrier is one ofthe main distortions in PM-QPSK, frequency offset compensation andphase recovery act as two of the core modules.With the support of National 863 Project"Research of the KeyTechnologies of 100Gb/s Optical Coherent Transmission Systems?", thisthesis mainly focuses on the research of the digital algorithms of carrierfrequency offset compensation and carrier phase recovery in the receiverof PM-QPSK system and the main contents are as follows1. Investigation of PM-QPSK structure, mainly on the receiver DSPstructure, including function of the several modules in this partDesigning and implementation of the Matlab simulation platform for theback-end of PM-QpsK receiver.2. Analysis on the carrier frequency offset estimation algorithmsdesigning of the parallel structure of the algorithms in order to break therestriction of hardware speed, with feasibility testified by simulationDesigning of the parallel structure of the 4 power method Designing ofBA-PADE (BER-Aided Pre-decision-based Angle Differential Estimator)based on BER feed-back to break the exact initialization restriction oftraditional PADE. Designing of a parallel operation scheme based onPADE, namely Grouped-PADE. Feasibility of both the forementionedscheme testified by simulation.3. Analysis on the carrier phase recovery algorithms, designing ofthe parallel operation scheme in order to realize phase recovery in100Gb/s PM-QPSK with current FPGA or DSP, with feasibility testifiedby simulation. Designing of the optimized and the parallel structure ofViterbi- Viterbi (V-V)method, and binary fixed-point simulation ofparallel v-v together with frequency offset algorithm, the result provedthat the scheme could observably lower the request to the hardwareoperation speedKEYWORDS optical transmission coherent detectionfrequency offset phase recovery

最近公司有一项目，就是采集客户设备在生产过程中的数据，并保存到SQL数据库中。硬件上采用PLC，软件使用C#编写上位机程序。本来是想利用TCP/IP协议，但后来发现公司采购的PLC属于低端产品，需要OPC服务，为了简便，所以就采用modbus协议。

MSC.MARC是功能齐全的高级非线性有限元软件，具有极强的结构分析能力。可以处理各种线性和非线性结构分析包括：线性/非线性静力分析、模态分析、简谐响应分析、频谱分析、随机振动分析、动力响应分析、自动的静/动力接触、屈曲/失稳、失效和破坏分析等ContentsMarc Volume A: Theory and User InformationrefaceAbout this manual■■■■20Purpose of volume A20Contents of volume a20How to Use this manual211 The Marc SystemMarc Programs............■■23Marc for Analysis23Mentat or patran for gul24Structure of marc24Procedure Library24Material Library24Element Library25Program Function Library25Features and benefits of marc252 Program InitiationMarc Host Systems27Workspace Requirements27Marc Workspace Requirements27File Units30Program Initiation.........32Examples of running marc Jobs■■■■■344 Marc Volume A: Theory and User Information3 Data EntryInput Conventions38Input of List of Items39Examples of lists41Table Driven Input■■41Table Input42Parameters46Model Definition Options46History Definition Options46REZONE Option474 Introduction to mesh definitionDirect Input49Element Connectivity Data49Nodal coordinate data53Activate/Deactivate54User Subroutine Input54MESH2D54Block definition54Merging of Nodes54Block Types55Symmetry, Weighting, and Constraints57Additional Options58Mentat58FXORD Option59Major classes of the fXoRD Option59Recommendations on Use of the FXORD Option63Incremental mesh generators■■■■■63Bandwidth Optimization64Rezoning.....64Substructure65Technical Background66Scaling Element Stiffness67Contents 5BEAM SECT Parameter■■■68Orientation of the Section in Space68Definition of the section68Error Analysis74ocal AdaptivityNumber of Elements Created7474Boundary Conditions75Location of new nodes76Adaptive Criteria77Automatic Global remeshing80Remeshing criteria84Remeshing TechniquesPatran Tetrahedral mesher885 Structural Procedure LibraryLinear Analysis99Accuracy100Error estimates100Adaptive meshing101Fourier Analysis101Nonlinear Analysis104Geometric nonlinearities108Eulerian FormulationArbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian(AEL) Formulation118Nonlinear Boundary Conditions118Buckling Analysis120Perturbation Analysis121Computational Procedures for Elastic-Plastic Analysis126Creep138Viscoelasticity142Viscoplasticity143Fracture Mechanics144Linear fracture mechanics144Nonlinear fracture mechanics147Numerical Evaluation of the J-integral148Numerical Evaluation of the Energy Release Rate with the VCCT Method150Automatic Crack PropagationDynamic Fracture Methodology1626 Marc Volume A: Theory and User InformationDynamic crack Propagation..162Crack Initiation163Mesh Splitting165Mesh Splitting Along Edges or Faces165Mesh Cutting167Dynamics...168Modal(Eigenvalue) Analysis.168Harmonic Response172Spectrum Response75Transient Analysis179Inertia relief191Rigid Body Mode Evaluation.191Rigid-Plastic Flow195Steady State Analysis95Transient Analysis196Technical background..196Superplasticity197Soil Analysis199Technical formulation200Mechanical Wear.,,,,,,,,203Design Sensitivity Analysis........■■205Theoretical considerations207Design Optimization208Approximation of Response Functions Over the Design Space..209Improvement of the Approximation211The Optimization algorithmMarc User Interface for Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization212Define Initial State with Results from a Previous Analysis215Pre state215Model sections217Steady State Rolling Analysis219Kinematics219lnetⅰaE仟fect...221Rolling Contact221Steady state rolling with marc221ContentsStructural Zooming Analysis.222Element Types Supported223Uncoupled Thermal Stress Analysis223Cure-Thermal-Mechanically Coupled Analysis224Cure Kinetics225Cure Shrinkage Strain228References,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2296 Nonstructural Procedure LibraryHeat Transfer234Thermal Contact235Convergence Controls235Steady state Analysis236Transient Analysisemperature Effects238Initial Conditions239Boundary Conditions239Surface Energy243Thermochemical Ablation and Surface Energy Balance244Mathematical Presentation244Mechanical Erosion251Mechanical Erosion by Other Actions251pyrolySis251Coking255Monitoring Thermal Degradation258Presentation of the Energy Equation260Ablation262Welding27Radiation278Conrad Gap292Channel293Output294Diffusion295Technical Background296Hydrodynamic Bearing300Technical Background3028 Marc Volume A: Theory and User InformationElectrostatic Analysis304Technical Background305Magnetostatic Analysis308Technical background..309Magnetodynamic Analysis∴∴320Technical Background322Piezoelectric Analysis325Technical Background326Strain Based Piezoelectric Coupling..328Acoustic Analysis328Rigid Cavity Acoustic Analysis328Technical Background329Fluid mechanics330Finite element formulation333Penalty Method335Steady State Analysis336Transient Analysis336Solid Analysis336Solution of Coupled Problems in Fluids..336Degrees of Freedom337Element Types.337Coupled Analyses∴..■量■画■■■,,,,,,,,339Thermal Mechanically Coupled Analysis341Coupled Acoustic-Structural AnalysisFluid/Solid Interaction- Added Mass Approach342346Coupled Electrostatic-Structural Analysis348Coupled Magnetostatic-Structural Analysis350Coupled Thermal-Electrical Analysis (Joule Heating)352Coupled Electrical-Thermal-Mechanical Analysis355Coupled Magnetostatic-Thermal Analysis357Coupled Magnetodynamic-Thermal Analysis358Coupled Magnetodynamic-Thermal-Structural Analysis..359References∴,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,362Contents 97 Material LibraryLinear Elastic Material365Composite Material ......367Layered Materials368Classical Lamination Theory for Multi-Layered Shells371Material Preferred direction372Material Dependent Failure Criteria376Interlaminar Shear for Thick Shell, Beam, Solid shell, and 3-d Composite brick elements394Interlaminar Stresses for continuum composite elements397Progressive Composite Failure397Mixture model399Gasket403Constitutive model403Nonlinear Hypoelastic Material407Thermo-Mechanical Shape Memory Model422Transformation Induced deformation424Constitutive Theory425Phase Transformation strains425Experimental Data Fitting for Thermo-mechanical Shape Memory Alloy427Mechanical Shape Memory Model431Conversion from Thermo-Mechanical to Mechanical SMA oyExperimental Data Fitting for Mechanical Shape Memory alle434435Elastomer436Updated Lagrange formulation for nonlinear elasticity455Time-independent Inelastic Behavior456Yield Conditions458Mohr-Coulomb Material(Hydrostatic Stress Dependence)464Buyukozturk Criterion(Hydrostatic Stress Dependence)465Powder material465Obtaining Crush Curve and Shear Failure Parameters by Curve Fitting in Marc475Work or strain hardening.....,,,479Flow rule485Constitutive Relations486Time-independent Cyclic Plasticity489Time-dependent Inelastic Behavior492Creep(Maxwell Model)翻495Oak Ridge National Laboratory Laws50010 Marc Volume A: Theory and User InformationSwelling.501Viscoplasticity502Time-dependent Cyclic Plasticity502Anand solder model504Viscoelastic Material505Bergstrom-Boyce Model516Narayanaswamy Model518Frequency-dependent Material Behavior522Viscoelastic Material Behavior in the Frequency Domain522Thermo-Rheologically Simple Material Behavior in the Frequency Domain538Deformation Dependent Relaxation in the Frequency Domain539Harmonic Equations of motion541Performing viscoelastic Analysis in the Frequency Domain543Temperature Effects and Coefficient of Thermal Expansion,546Piecewise Linear Representation547Temperature-Dependent Creep548Coefficient of Thermal Expansion549Time-Temperature-Transformation549Low Tension Material552Uniaxial Cracking Data552LoW Tension Cracking552Tension Softening552Crack Closure553Crushing553Analysis554Soil model554Elastic Models554Cam-Clay Model555Evaluation of soil parameters for the critical state soil model557Damage Models565Ductile metals565Elastomers568Cohesive Zone Modeling570Nonstructural materials578Heat transfer analysis579Piezoelectric Analysis579Thermo-Electrical Analysis579Coupled Electrical-Thermal-Mechanical Analysis579Hydrodynamic Bearing AnalysisFluid/ Solid Interaction Analysis- Added Mass approach579.579