MFRC522原理图和程序

基于马尔科夫随机场的SAR图像处理，行文流畅，获得过优秀论文，其中的算法简明易懂，所用的理论也是深入浅出。

VB编写的PID模拟程序，可以用于学习PID算法

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gabor滤波器的matlab源代码，可以实现图像增强

小波变换在图像压缩中的应用，用MATLAB实现时因为MATLAB自带小波分析工具箱，所以编程比较简便，主要是算法要理解。这里附上了4个程序代码，1是局部压缩，2、3是两个压缩实例（EZW算法，让部分高频系数置零），4是阈值确定实例。载入图像时MATLAB软件自带的，因此不需要转换图像格式等语句。另外，一些函数的不理解的，可以查看help看函数的意义。因为实验结果上传起来比较费时，所以只给了源文件。仅供学习参考。希望能起到帮助作用

GNSS-SDR is an open-source GNSS software receiver freely available to the research community. This project provides a common framework for GNSS signal processing which can operate in a variety of computer platforms. This tool is intended to foster collaboration, increase awareness, and reduce develoContentsMain Page1.1 Contents1.2 Overview1.3 Building GNSS- SDR2351.3.1 Debug and release builds1.3.2 Updating GNSS-SDR1.4 Using GNSS-SDR51.5 Control plane1.5.1 Configuration61.5.2 GNSS block factory1.6 Signal Processing plane1.6.1 Signal Source1.6.2 Signal Conditioner1.6.3 Channel1.6.3.1 Acquisition1.6.3.2 Tracking101.6.3.3 Decoding of the navigation message11.6.4 Observables121.6.5 Computation of Position, velocity and Time121.7 About the software license1.8 Publications and Credits131.9 Ok. now what?14CONTENTS2 Reference Documents152.1 Interface Control Documents152.1.1GPs2.1.2 GLONASS152.1.3Gai152.1.4 beiD2.1.5 Satellite Based Augmentation Systems(SBAS)2.2 Other Standards2.2.1R|NEX172.2.2 NMEA22.3KML.2.2.4 C++ Standards182.2.5 Positioning protocols in wireless communication networks183 Signal model193. 1 GNSS signal model1.1 Global Positioning System(GPS)signal in space3.1.2 GLONASS signal in space3.1.3 Galileo signal in space223.1.4 Reference254 Todo list5 Hierarchical Index5.1 Class Hierarchy6 Class Index336.1 Class list7 File Index7.1 File list43CONTENTS8 Class docu8. 1 AcquisitionInterface Class Reference538.1.1 Detailed Description8.2 ArraySignal Conditioner Class Reference8.2.1 Detailed Dtio558.2.2 Constructor& Destructor Documentation8.2.2. 1 Array SignalConditioner(Configurrface configuration, std: shared_ptr data type_adapt, std: shared_ptr< GNSSBlockInterfaceil, std: shared ptr< GNSSBlockInterface > res, std: string role, std: stringimplementation)558. 2.2.2 Array SignalConditioner(558.2.3 Member Function Documentation8.2.3. 1 implementation(558.3 beamformer Class Reference568.3. 1 Detailed Description8. 4 Beamformer Filter Class Reference568.4.1 Detailed description578.4.2 Member Function Documentation8. 4.2.1 implementation()8.5 byte x2 to complex byte Class Reference8.5.1 Detailed Description588.6 Byte ToShort Class Reference588.6. 1 Detailed description8.6.2 Member Function Documentation8.6.2. 1 implementation(598.7 Channel Class Reference598.7.1 Detailed description608.7.2 Constructor Destructor Documentation8.7. 2.1 Channel(ConfigurationInterface *configuration, unsigned int channel, std+shared_ptr< GNSSBlockInterface> pass through, std: shared_ptr acq, std: shared_ptr nav, std string role, std stringimplementation, boost: shared ptr< gr: msg_queue queuegenerated by DoxygenCONTENTS8.7.2.2 Channelo8.7.3 Member Function Documentation8.7.3. 1 implementation(618.7.3.2 set signal(const Gnss Signal &gnss signal8.7.3. 3 start_ acquisition(68.8 channel msg receiver cc Class Reference8.8.1 Detailed Description628.8.2 Constructor Destructor Documentation628.8.2. 1 channel_msg_ receiver_ cco8.9 ChannelFsm class Reference8.9.1 Detailed Description638.10 ChannelInterface Class Reference638.10.1 Detailed Description8.11 cl_ fft_ plan Struct Reference648.11.1 Detailed Description648.12 clFFT Complex Struct Reference648. 12. 1 Detailed Description8. 13 ClFFT Dim 3 Struct Reference8. 13.1 Detailed description658.14 ClFFT_ SplitComplex Struct Reference658. 14.1 Detailed Description658. 15 complex byte to float x2 Class Reference8. 15.1 Detailed description8. 16 complex_ float_to _ complex_ byte Class Reference668.16.1 Detailed Description668. 17 concurrent map< Data> Class Template Reference8.17.1 Detailed description8.18 concurrent_ queue< Data > Class Template Reference8.18.1 Detailed description688.19 ConfigurationInterface Class ReferenceCONTENTS8.19. 1 Detailed Description8.20 ControlMessage Class Reterence698. 20. 1 Detailed Description8.21 ControlMessage Struct Reference698.21. 1 Detailed Description8.22 ControlMessageFactory Class Reference708.22. 1 Detailed Description8. 22.2 Constructor Destructor Documentation8. 22.2. 1 ControlMessage Factory8. 22.2.2 ControlMessage(8.23 Control Thread class Reference8. 23. 1 Detailed Description718.23.2 Constructor Destructor Documentation8.23. 2.1 ControlThreado8. 23.2.2 Control Thread(std: shared_ptr< ContigurationIntertace> configuration)8.23. 2.3 Control Thread(728.23. 3 Member Function Documentation8.23.3. 1 flowgraph7282332run()728.23.3.3 set_control_ queue(boost: shared _ptr< gr: msg_queue control queue)8. 24 cpu multicorrelator Class Reference8.24. 1 Detailed Description8.25 cpu multicorrelator 1 6sc Class Reference8.25. 1 Detailed Description748.26 cshort to float x2 Class Reference748. 26. 1 Detailed Description8.27 cuda multicorrelator Class Reference8.27.1 Detailed Description758.28 direct resampler conditioner cb class Reference758.28. 1 Detailed Descriptiongenerated by DoxygenCONTENTS8.29 direct resampler conditioner cc Class Reference8.29. 1 Detailed description768.30 direct resampler conditioner cs Class Reference8.30. 1 Detailed description8.31 DirectResampler Conditioner Class Reference8.31. 1 Detailed Description788.31.2 Member Function Documentation788.31.2.1 implementation788.32 Fast Correction Struct Reference8. 32 1 Detailed Description8.33 File Configuration Class Reference8.33. 1 Detailed Description798.33.2 Constructor destructor documentation8.33.2. 1 File Configuration(8. 34 File SignalSource Class Reference808.34.1 Detailed Description808.34.2 Member Function Documentation8.34.2.1 implementation(8.35 Fir Filter Class Reference8.35. 1 Detailed Description818.35.2 Constructor Destructor Documentation8.35.2. 1 Fir Filter( ConfigurationInterface *configuration, std: string role, unsigned intreams, unsigned int out_streams)8.35. 2.2 FirFiltero8.35. 3 Member Function Documentation8.35.3. 1 implementation(828.36 FlexibandsignalSource Class Reference828.36. 1 Detailed descripti838.36.2 Member Function Documentatio8.36.2.1 implementation(8. 37 FreqXlating FirFilter Class ReferenceCONTENTSX8.37.1 Detailed Description8.37.2 Member Function Documentation848.37. 2.1 implementation(848.38 FrontEndCal Class Reference848. 38. 1 Detailed description8.38.2 Member function documentation8.38. 2.1 estimate_doppler_ from_ _eph(unsigned int PRN, double toW, double lat, doublelon, double height)8.3822 get ephemeris(),.,.,,.,,,,,,,858.38.2.3 GPS L1 front end model E4000(double f bb true Hz, double f bb_measHz, double fs nominal_ hz, double *estimated_fs_ hz, double *estimated_f if Hz, 85double *tosc_err_ppm)8.38.2.4 set_configuration(std shared_ptr< ConfigurationInterface configuration)858. 39 Galileo Almanac class Reference858.39. 1 Detailed description8. 39.2 Constructor destructor documentation8.39.2.1 Galileo_ Almanac8.40 galileo e1 dl pll veml tracking cc Class Reference8.40. 1 Detailed Descriptio88ember Function Documentation8.40.2.1 general work(int output_ items, gr_ vector_int &ninput_ items. gr vector_constvoid_star &input_items, gr_ vector_ void_ star &output_ _items)8. 41 galileo_e1_ Is_pvt Class Referenc8.41. 1 Detailed Descriptio8. 41.2 Member data documentation8. 41.2.1 d channels898.41. 2.2 galileo_ ephemeris_ map898.42 galileo e1 observables cc Class Reference8.42. 1 Detailed Description8. 43 galileo_e1_pvt_cc Class Reference8.43. 1 Detailed description8. 43.2 Constructor Destructor documentatiCONTENTS8. 43.2.1 galileo_e1_pvt_cc918. 43.3 Member Function documentation8. 3.1 general_work(int output_items, gr vector_int &ninput_items. gr_ vector_constevoid star &input items, gr vector void star &output items)918. 44 Galileo_E1_ Tcp Connector_ Tracking_cc Class Reference8.44.1 Detailed Description8. 45 galileo e1b telemetry decoder cc Class Reference928.45. 1 Detailed description938. 45.2 Member Function Documentation8.45.2. 1 forecast(int noutput_items, gr_ vector_ int &input_items_required8.45. 2.2 general_ work(int output_items, gr- vector_ int &ninput_items. gr_ vector_const+void star &input_items, gr_ vector_ void_ star &output_ items938. 45.2.3 set_channel(int channel8.45.2. 4 set_ decimation(int decimation)8. 45. 2.5 set_ satellite(Gnss_ Satellite satellite)8.46 Galileo E5a Dl Pll Tracking cc Class Reterence8.46. 1 Detailed description48. 47 galileo e5a noncoherentlQ acquisition caf cc class Reference8.47.1 Detailed Description958. 47.2 Constructor Destructor Documentation8.47. 2.1 galileo e5a noncoherentlQ acquisition caf cco8. 47.3 Member Function Documentation968.47. 3.1 general_ work(int output_items, gr_ vector_int &ninput_ items. gr vector_const+void_star &input_items, gr_vector_ void_star &output_items)8.47.32init()968.47.3.3mag(0..968.47.3.4 set active(bool active968.47.3.5 set channel(unsigned int channel)968.47.3.6 set_ doppler_ max(unsigned int doppler_ max)8.47.3.7 set_ doppler_ step(unsigned int doppler step8.47.3.8 set_gnss synchro(Gnss Synchro *p_gnss_ synchro8.47.3.9 set_local_code(std: complex< float >*code, std: complex< float > *code Q)97

该仿真可自由调整各组件，是学习开关电源的理想资料。

LeetCode cpp最新中文题解.pdfLeetCode cpp最新中文题解.pdfLeetCode cpp最新中文题解.pdf目录3.4 Add binary615.1.5 Binary Tree Level Or-3.5 Longest Palindromic Substring. 62der traversal il3.6 Regular Expression Matching665.1.6 Binary Tree Zigzag3.7 Wildcard Matching67Level Order traversal. 963.8 Longest Common Prefix5.1.7 Recover Binary Search3. 9 Valid Number70Tree983.10 Integer to roman725. 1. 8 Same Tree3. 11 Roman to Integer735.1.9 Symmetric Tree1003.12 Count and Say745.1.10 Balanced Binary Tree.. 1023. 13 Anagrams755.1.11 Flatten Binary Tree to3. 14 Simplify Path76Linked List1033. 15 Length of Last Word775.1. 12 Populating Next RightPointers in each node ii 105第4章栈和队列7952二叉树的构建10641栈795.2.1 Construct Binary Tree4Valid Parentheses79from Preorder and In4.1.2 Longest valid Parenorder Traversa106theses805.2.2 Construct Binary Tree4.1.3 Largest Rectangle infrom Inorder and posHistogram82torder Traversal1074.1.4 Evaluate reverse pol-53二叉查找树108ish notation845.3. 1 Unique Binary Search4.2队列85Trees.1085.3.2 Unique Binary Search第5章树86Trees li.1105.1二叉树的遍历865.3.3 Validate Binary Search5.1.1 Binary Tree PreorderTreeTraversal865.3. 4 Convert Sorted array to5.1.2 Binary Tree InorderBinary Search Tree...112Traversal885.3.5 Convert Sorted List to5.1. 3 Binary Tree PostorderBinary Search Tree113Traversal9054二叉树的递归.1145. 1. 4 Binary Tree Level Or5.4.1 Minimum Depth of Bider traversal)2nary lree115目录5.4.2 Maximum Depth of Bi8.3.,2重新实现 next permunary Tree116tation1425.4.3 Path Sum11783.3递归.1435.4 4 Path Sum il118 8.4 Permutations II1445.4.5 Binary Tree Maximum8.4.1 next permutation... 144Path Suum11984.2重新实现 next permu5.4.6 Populating Next Righttation144Pointers in each node 120843递归1445.4.7 Sum Root to Leaf num8.5 Combinations146bers2185.1递归1468.5.2迭代147第6章排序1238.6 Letter Combinations of a phone6.1 Merge Sorted Array123umber1476.2 Merge Two Sorted Lists12486.1递归1486.3 Merge k Sorted Lists124862迭代96.4 Insertion Sort List125第9章广度优先搜索1506.5 Sort list1269.1 Word Ladder1506.6 First Missing Positive1279.2 Word Ladder il1546.7 Sort Colors1289.3 Surrounded regions162第7章查找94小结16413194.l适用场景1647.1 Search for a range131942思考的步骤7.2 Search Insert Position.13294.3代码模板1657. 3 Search a 2D Matrix133第10章深度优先搜索173第8章暴力枚举法13510.1 Palindrome Partitioning1738.1 Subsets13510.2 Unique Paths1768.1.1递归1350.2.1深搜1768.1.2迭代.1371022备忘录法.1768.2 Subsets il13810.23动规177821递归13810.24数学公式1788.2.2迭代.14110.3 Unique Paths Il1798. 3 Permutations14210.3.1备忘录法1798.3.1 next permutation14210.3.2动规.180目录10.4 N-Queens1813.4 Maximal rectangle21310.5 N-Queens II18413.5 Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock10.6 Restore ip addresses186.21410.7 Combination Sum18813.6 Interleaving String21510.8 Combination Sum Il18913.7 Scramble String21710.9 Generate Parentheses.19013. 8 Minimum Path Sum.22210.10 Sudoku solver19213.9 Edit Distance22410.11 Word Search.19313. 10 Decode Ways.22610.12小结19513. 11 Distinct sub22710.12.1适用场景19513. 12 Word Break22810.122思考的步骤19513 13 Word Break il2300.12.3代码模板197第14章图23210.12.4深搜与回溯法的区別.19714. 1 Clone Graph23210.12.5深搜与递归的区别..197第15章细节实现题235第11章分治法19915.1 Reverse Integer2351.1 Pow(x, n)19915.2 Palindrome Number.23611. 2 Sqrt(x)20015.3 Insert Interval237第12章贪心法20115.4 Merge Intervals23812.1 Jump game20115.5 Minimum Window Substring23912.2 Jump game II15.6 Multiply Strings24112. 3 Best Time to buy and Sell stock 20415.7 Substring with Concatenation12. 4 Best Time to buy and sell stock l205of all words24412. 5 Longest Substring Without re15.8 Pascal,s Triangle245peating Characters20615.9 Pascals Triangle Il24612.6 Container with Most Water.. 207 15.10 Spiral Matrix24715.11 Spiral matrix II248第13章动态规划20915.12 ZigZag Conversion25013. 1 Triangle20915.13 Divide Two Integers25113.2 Maximum Subarray15. 14 Text Justification25313.3 Palindrome Partitioning II1215.15 Max Points on a line255目录第1章编程技巧在判断两个浮点数a和b是否相等时,不要用a==b,应该判断二者之差的绝对值fabs(a-b)是否小于某个阈值,例如1e-9。判断一个整数是否是为奇数,用x%2!=0,不要用x%2=1,因为ⅹ可能是负用char的值作为数组下标(例如,统计字符串中每个字符岀现的次数),要考虑到char可能是负数。有的人考虑到了,先强制转型为 unsigned int再用作下标,这仍然是错的。正确的做法是,先强制转型为 unsigned char,再用作下标。这涉及C十整型提升的规则,就不详述了。以下是关于STL使用技巧的,很多条款来自《 Effective STL》这本书。vector和 string优先于动态分配的数组首先,在性能上,由于 vector能够保证连续内存,因此一旦分配了后,它的性能跟原始数组相当;其次,如果用new,意味着你要确保后面进行孓 delete,一旦忘记了,就会出现BUG,且这样需要都写一行 delete,代码不够短再次,声明多维数组的话,只能一个一个new,例如int** ary = new int*[row_num];for(int i=0: i< row num; ++1)ary [i] new int [col_num]用 vector的话一行代码搞定vectorary(row_num, vector(col_num, 0))使用 reserve来避免不必要的重新分配第2章线性表这类题目考察线性表的操作,例如,数组,单链表,双向链表等。2数组2.1.1 Remove Duplicates from Sorted array描述Given a sorted array, remove the duplicates in place such that each element appear only onceand return the new lengthDo not allocate extra space for another array, you must do this in place with constant memoryFor example, Given input array A =[1, 1, 2Your function should return length =2, and a is now [1, 2]分析无代码1/ LeetCode, Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array//时间复杂度0(n),空间复杂度0(1)class Solution tublicint removeDuplicates(vector& nums)tif (nums empty o) return 0;int index =ofor (int i =1: i nums size: 1++ iif (nums [index] ! nums [i])nums [++index]= nums [i]return index 12.1数组代码2//LeetCode, Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array/使用STL,时间复杂度0(n),空间复杂度0(1)class Solution ipublicint removeDuplicates(vector& nums)treturn distance(nums begin(), unique(nums begin(), nums end ())代码3/ LeetCode, Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array/使用STL,时间复杂度0(n),空间复杂度0(1)lass Solution fublicint removeDuplicates(vector& nums)treturn distance(nums begin(, removeDuplicates(nums begin(, nums end(), nums begintemplateOutIt removeDuplicates(InIt first, InIt last, OutIt output)thile (first last)i*output++ = *firstfirst upper_bound(first, last, *firstreturn output相关题目Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array I,见§2.1.22.1.2 Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II描述Follow up for"Remove Duplicates " What if duplicates are allowed at most twice?For example, Given sorted array a =[1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3]Your function should return length=5, and A is now [1, 1, 2, 2, 3分析加一个变量记录一下元素出现的次数即可。这题因为是已经排序的数组,所以一个变量即可解决。如果是没有排序的数组,则需要引入一个 hashmap来记录出现次数。4第2章线性表代码1// Leet Code, Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array II//时间复杂度0(n),空间复杂度0(1)//qauthorhex108(https://github.com/hex108)class Solution tublicint removeDuplicates(vector& nums)tif (nums size(

【实例简介】通信信号调制制式的自动识别和调制参数的自动估计是非协作通信和软件 无线电中的主要问题。非协作通信是通信中的一个分支，在民用或军用场合都 有重要的应用，它需要接收机在先验知识不足的前提下监视空间通信信号的活 动情况，并截获其传输的信息内容；软件无线电是未来通信中的一个关键技术， 它需要接收机能在同一个硬件平台上自动完成多种体制、多个频段的通信和相 互间的切换。这里面都需要解决通信信号制式的自动识别和参数估计。另外， 信噪比（SNR）是接收信号的一个关键参数，它对通信系统的性能有着重要影响， 对它的估计也十分必要。直接扩频序列信号（DSSS）由于具有极低的功率谱密 度，如何在非协作通信中不知道扩频序列的前提下对其进行检测和估计，是一 个具有很强的应用背景同时富有挑战性的课题。本文以通信信号的统计特性为 基础，分别对这些问题进行了研究和探索，主要包括： 首先，使用统计模式识别的方法，综合决策树识别器和神经网络识别器的 优点，提出了一种混合识别器，它在不依赖于先验的调制参数和信噪比的条件 下能对常用的11种数字调制信号CW、BPSK、QPSK、OQPSK、16QAM，32QAM， 64QAM、2FSK、4FSK、GMSK和OFDM进行准确的识别。 其次，研究了非协作通信中观测信号调制参数的估计问题。对M-PSK及 M-QAM信号滚降系数的研究表明，接收机中滚降系数不准确对系统性能的影响 非常小，因此我们在设计接收机时可以不必考虑滚降系数的影响，而只需固定 一个值即可。对M-FSK号调制指数的研究表明，我们提出的估计算法能够显著 改善时钟同步性能，并且估计结果不影响最后的误码率。对M-PSK、M-QAM 及OQPSK信号波特率的研究表明，我们提出的波特率估计算法能够在较短的观 测长度下取得较高精度的波特率估计值，并且估计结果完全满足解调器所需的 精度要求。 再次，研究了观测信号SNR的估计问题，提出了两种不依赖于辅助数据的 估计算法，一种是改进的基于最小描述长度原理和特征值分解的算法，另一种 算法基于Gibbs抽样原理。这两种算法均能在AWGN信道和多径信道中精确估 计出信号的SNR。此外，第二种算法还可以给出信道的估计信息。 最后，利用扩频序列的强自相关特性和弱互相关特性，研究了DSSS信号在 非协作通信中的检测和参数估计问题。算法以接收信号自相关函数的累加为基计DSSS信号的波特率、chip速率和载波频率，然后提出了两个测度函数， 一个对扩频序列进行同步，确定出扩频序列在观测序列中正确的起始位置；另 一个在扩频序列同步的基础上估计序列中每一个chip的具体数值。计算机仿真 结果验证了理论分析的正确性。 本论文的研究结果表明：通过采用本论文提出的调制信号自动识别算法和 相关的调制参数估计算法，可以有效的提高非协作通信和软件无线电中接收机 的工作性能和实用化程度。

详细介绍arcgis专题地图的制作过程，对制图很 帮助