MSC.Marc 2013.1理论手册
MSC.MARC是功能齐全的高级非线性有限元软件,具有极强的结构分析能力。可以处理各种线性和非线性结构分析包括:线性/非线性静力分析、模态分析、简谐响应分析、频谱分析、随机振动分析、动力响应分析、自动的静/动力接触、屈曲/失稳、失效和破坏分析等ContentsMarc Volume A: Theory and User InformationrefaceAbout this manual■■■■20Purpose of volume A20Contents of volume a20How to Use this manual211 The Marc SystemMarc Programs............■■23Marc for Analysis23Mentat or patran for gul24Structure of marc24Procedure Library24Material Library24Element Library25Program Function Library25Features and benefits of marc252 Program InitiationMarc Host Systems27Workspace Requirements27Marc Workspace Requirements27File Units30Program Initiation.........32Examples of running marc Jobs■■■■■344 Marc Volume A: Theory and User Information3 Data EntryInput Conventions38Input of List of Items39Examples of lists41Table Driven Input■■41Table Input42Parameters46Model Definition Options46History Definition Options46REZONE Option474 Introduction to mesh definitionDirect Input49Element Connectivity Data49Nodal coordinate data53Activate/Deactivate54User Subroutine Input54MESH2D54Block definition54Merging of Nodes54Block Types55Symmetry, Weighting, and Constraints57Additional Options58Mentat58FXORD Option59Major classes of the fXoRD Option59Recommendations on Use of the FXORD Option63Incremental mesh generators■■■■■63Bandwidth Optimization64Rezoning.....64Substructure65Technical Background66Scaling Element Stiffness67Contents 5BEAM SECT Parameter■■■68Orientation of the Section in Space68Definition of the section68Error Analysis74ocal AdaptivityNumber of Elements Created7474Boundary Conditions75Location of new nodes76Adaptive Criteria77Automatic Global remeshing80Remeshing criteria84Remeshing TechniquesPatran Tetrahedral mesher885 Structural Procedure LibraryLinear Analysis99Accuracy100Error estimates100Adaptive meshing101Fourier Analysis101Nonlinear Analysis104Geometric nonlinearities108Eulerian FormulationArbitrary Eulerian-Lagrangian(AEL) Formulation118Nonlinear Boundary Conditions118Buckling Analysis120Perturbation Analysis121Computational Procedures for Elastic-Plastic Analysis126Creep138Viscoelasticity142Viscoplasticity143Fracture Mechanics144Linear fracture mechanics144Nonlinear fracture mechanics147Numerical Evaluation of the J-integral148Numerical Evaluation of the Energy Release Rate with the VCCT Method150Automatic Crack PropagationDynamic Fracture Methodology1626 Marc Volume A: Theory and User InformationDynamic crack Propagation..162Crack Initiation163Mesh Splitting165Mesh Splitting Along Edges or Faces165Mesh Cutting167Dynamics...168Modal(Eigenvalue) Analysis.168Harmonic Response172Spectrum Response75Transient Analysis179Inertia relief191Rigid Body Mode Evaluation.191Rigid-Plastic Flow195Steady State Analysis95Transient Analysis196Technical background..196Superplasticity197Soil Analysis199Technical formulation200Mechanical Wear.,,,,,,,,203Design Sensitivity Analysis........■■205Theoretical considerations207Design Optimization208Approximation of Response Functions Over the Design Space..209Improvement of the Approximation211The Optimization algorithmMarc User Interface for Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization212Define Initial State with Results from a Previous Analysis215Pre state215Model sections217Steady State Rolling Analysis219Kinematics219lnetⅰaE仟fect...221Rolling Contact221Steady state rolling with marc221ContentsStructural Zooming Analysis.222Element Types Supported223Uncoupled Thermal Stress Analysis223Cure-Thermal-Mechanically Coupled Analysis224Cure Kinetics225Cure Shrinkage Strain228References,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2296 Nonstructural Procedure LibraryHeat Transfer234Thermal Contact235Convergence Controls235Steady state Analysis236Transient Analysisemperature Effects238Initial Conditions239Boundary Conditions239Surface Energy243Thermochemical Ablation and Surface Energy Balance244Mathematical Presentation244Mechanical Erosion251Mechanical Erosion by Other Actions251pyrolySis251Coking255Monitoring Thermal Degradation258Presentation of the Energy Equation260Ablation262Welding27Radiation278Conrad Gap292Channel293Output294Diffusion295Technical Background296Hydrodynamic Bearing300Technical Background3028 Marc Volume A: Theory and User InformationElectrostatic Analysis304Technical Background305Magnetostatic Analysis308Technical background..309Magnetodynamic Analysis∴∴320Technical Background322Piezoelectric Analysis325Technical Background326Strain Based Piezoelectric Coupling..328Acoustic Analysis328Rigid Cavity Acoustic Analysis328Technical Background329Fluid mechanics330Finite element formulation333Penalty Method335Steady State Analysis336Transient Analysis336Solid Analysis336Solution of Coupled Problems in Fluids..336Degrees of Freedom337Element Types.337Coupled Analyses∴..■量■画■■■,,,,,,,,339Thermal Mechanically Coupled Analysis341Coupled Acoustic-Structural AnalysisFluid/Solid Interaction- Added Mass Approach342346Coupled Electrostatic-Structural Analysis348Coupled Magnetostatic-Structural Analysis350Coupled Thermal-Electrical Analysis (Joule Heating)352Coupled Electrical-Thermal-Mechanical Analysis355Coupled Magnetostatic-Thermal Analysis357Coupled Magnetodynamic-Thermal Analysis358Coupled Magnetodynamic-Thermal-Structural Analysis..359References∴,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,362Contents 97 Material LibraryLinear Elastic Material365Composite Material ......367Layered Materials368Classical Lamination Theory for Multi-Layered Shells371Material Preferred direction372Material Dependent Failure Criteria376Interlaminar Shear for Thick Shell, Beam, Solid shell, and 3-d Composite brick elements394Interlaminar Stresses for continuum composite elements397Progressive Composite Failure397Mixture model399Gasket403Constitutive model403Nonlinear Hypoelastic Material407Thermo-Mechanical Shape Memory Model422Transformation Induced deformation424Constitutive Theory425Phase Transformation strains425Experimental Data Fitting for Thermo-mechanical Shape Memory Alloy427Mechanical Shape Memory Model431Conversion from Thermo-Mechanical to Mechanical SMA oyExperimental Data Fitting for Mechanical Shape Memory alle434435Elastomer436Updated Lagrange formulation for nonlinear elasticity455Time-independent Inelastic Behavior456Yield Conditions458Mohr-Coulomb Material(Hydrostatic Stress Dependence)464Buyukozturk Criterion(Hydrostatic Stress Dependence)465Powder material465Obtaining Crush Curve and Shear Failure Parameters by Curve Fitting in Marc475Work or strain hardening.....,,,479Flow rule485Constitutive Relations486Time-independent Cyclic Plasticity489Time-dependent Inelastic Behavior492Creep(Maxwell Model)翻495Oak Ridge National Laboratory Laws50010 Marc Volume A: Theory and User InformationSwelling.501Viscoplasticity502Time-dependent Cyclic Plasticity502Anand solder model504Viscoelastic Material505Bergstrom-Boyce Model516Narayanaswamy Model518Frequency-dependent Material Behavior522Viscoelastic Material Behavior in the Frequency Domain522Thermo-Rheologically Simple Material Behavior in the Frequency Domain538Deformation Dependent Relaxation in the Frequency Domain539Harmonic Equations of motion541Performing viscoelastic Analysis in the Frequency Domain543Temperature Effects and Coefficient of Thermal Expansion,546Piecewise Linear Representation547Temperature-Dependent Creep548Coefficient of Thermal Expansion549Time-Temperature-Transformation549Low Tension Material552Uniaxial Cracking Data552LoW Tension Cracking552Tension Softening552Crack Closure553Crushing553Analysis554Soil model554Elastic Models554Cam-Clay Model555Evaluation of soil parameters for the critical state soil model557Damage Models565Ductile metals565Elastomers568Cohesive Zone Modeling570Nonstructural materials578Heat transfer analysis579Piezoelectric Analysis579Thermo-Electrical Analysis579Coupled Electrical-Thermal-Mechanical Analysis579Hydrodynamic Bearing AnalysisFluid/ Solid Interaction Analysis- Added Mass approach579.579
- 2020-12-04下载
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数学建模大全
充分了解数学建模的相关知识,其中包括各种算法以及MATLAB在数学建模中的具体应用以及相关的程序代码,综合各方面的知识,方便我们了解例如线性规划maxx s.t. Ax>b的Maab标准型为min -cx s.Axcx∑anx,=bi=12,…,mst≥可行解满足约束条件(4)的解x=(x1,x2,…,xn),称为线性规划问题的可行解,而使目标函数(3)达到最大值的可行解叫最优解可行域所有可行解构成的集合称为问题的可行域,记为R14线性规划的图解法101+x2=106z=12图1线性规划的图解示意图图解法简单直观,有助」了解线性规划问题求解的基木原坦。我们先应用图解法来求解例1。对于每一固定的值z,使目标函数值等于z的点构成的直线称为目标函数等位线,当z变动时,我们得到一族平行直线。对于例1,显然等位线截趋于右上方,其上的点具有越大的目标函数值。不难看出,本例的最优解为x*=(2,6),最优目标值26从上面的图解过程可以看出并不难证明以下断言:(1)可行域R可能会出现多种情况。R可能是空集也可能是非空集合,当R非空时,它必定是若干个半平面的交集(除非遇到空间维数的退化)。R既可能是有界区域,也可能是无界区域(2)在R非空,线性规划既可以存在有限最优解,也可以不存在有限最优解(其目标函数值无界)。(3)若线性规划存在有限最优解,则必可找到具有最优目标函数值的可行域R的“顶点”。上述论断可以推广到一般的线性规划问题,区别只在」空问的维数。在一般的n维空间中,满足一线性等式∑a1x=b的点集被称为一个超平面,而满足一线性不等式氵=1∑ax≤b(或∑a1x,≥b)的点集被称为一个半空间(其中(a1…,an)为一n维行向量,b为一实数)。若千个半空间的交集被称为多胞形,有界的多胞形又被称为多面体。易见,线性规划的可行域必为多胞形(为统一起见,空集Φ也被λ为多胞形)。在一般n维空问中,要直接得出多胞形“顶点”概念还有一些困难。二维空间中的顶点可以看成为边界直线的交点,但这一几何概念的推广在一般n维空间中的几何意义并不十分直观。为此,我们将采用另一途径来定义它。定义1称n维空间中的区域R为一凸集,若Vx,x2∈R及元∈(01),有x+(1-4)x2∈R定义2设R为n维空间中的一个凸集,R中的点x被称为R的一个极点,若不存在x、x2∈R及∈(0,1),使得x=4x+(1-4)x2。定义1说明凸集中任意两点的连线必在此凸集中;而定义2说明,若x是凸集R的个极点,则x不能位于R中任意两点的连线上。不难证明,多胞形必为凸集。同样也不难证明,维空间中可行域R的顶点均为R的极点(R也没有其它的极点)1.5求解线性规划的 Matlab解法单纯形法是求解线性规划问题的最常用、最有效的算法之一。这里我们就不介绍单纯形法,有兴趣的读者可以参看其它线性规划书籍。下面我们介绍线性规划的 Matlab解法Matlab中线性规划的标准型为min c rAx shs t.Aeq. x=beb
- 2020-12-01下载
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