microTCA规范
PICMG microTCA.0 Specification RC1.0ContentsIntroduction and objectives1.1 Overview1.2 Introduction1.2.1S1.2.2 MicroTCa implementation options1画1-21.2.3 Design goals1-21.2.4 Elements of microtca1-312.5 Theory of operation……着1国面1面日正1-81.3 Micro TCA enclosure types191.3.1 Single Shelf implementation191.3.2 TWo Tier mⅸ ed Width Shelf implementation.…….….….….….….….…....1-101.3.3 Two-Tier fixed Single Width Shelf implementation ....................1-101.3.4 Back-to-Back Shelf implementation.1-101.3.5 Cube Shelf implementation..1-101.3.6 Pico Shelf implementations1111.3.7 Other implementation options1111.4 Application examples1-1114.1 Base station…1-111.42 Router1-121.4.3∨ olP node.….1-121.4.4 Other Telecom Network applicationsE画1-121.4.5 Enterprise applications1-131.4.6 Other applications.....1-131.4.7 Consumer applications1-131.5 Special word usage1-131.6 Conformance1-141.7 Dimensions1-141.8 Regulatory guidelines1-141.9 Reference specifications1.10 MicroTCA0 Specification contributor……1-151-161.11 Name and logo usage1-161.12 Intellectual property……1-171.12.1 Necessary claims1,,面,国国,,国面正∴1-181.12.2 Unnecessary claims11181.12. 3 Third party disclosures1-181.13 Glossary1-192Mechanical2-12.1 Mechanical overview∴………….2-12.1.1 Terminology…2-22.1.2 Typical arrangement examples2-22.2 Dimensions, tolerances, drawing symbols, and nomenclature2-62.3 Mechanical concept2-82.4 AdvancedMC Module orientation, location, and positioning2-1624.1 Module orientation.2-162.4.2 Module positioning, horizontal--mandatory2-172.4.3 Module positioning, vertical-mandatoryU.882-192. 4. 4 Module positioning, depth--mandatory,.42-21PICMG( Micro TCAO Specification Draft RC1. 0, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification2.5 Slot detail dimensions2-222.5.1S|ot..2-222.5.2 Slot configurations, subdividing Slots2-222.5.3 Card guide, Strut, and Card Guide Support Plate(CGSP)…………2232.5.4 Optional Subrack attachment plane2-322.5.5 AdvancedMC Module--optional locking………………………2-342.6 Backplane2-3627 Subrack dimensions2-412.7.1 Mandatory Subrack2-422.8 Shelf2-472.8. 1 Shelf types.2-482.8.2 Shelf width and height…...…2-492.8.3 Shelf depth2-492.8.4 Air filter provision2-502.8.5 ESD wrist strap interface2-502.8.6 Shelf alarm LEDs2-512.9 Cable management2-522. 10 Power entry /Power Module2-562.10.1 Power Module pcb dimensions2-582.10.2 Power Module component height1·面2-632.10.3 Power module face plate2-642.10. 4 Power Module handle/Latch mechanism.2672.10.5 Power module lEDs2-672. 10.6 Power Module EMc gasketing2-672.10.7 Power Module satety covers2-672.10 8 Power module labels2-682.10. 9 Power Module Backplane Connector2-682.11 MCH Module2-692.11.1 Module types2-692.11.2 MCH PCB dimensions.2-702.11.3 MCH Subrack slot details2-772.11. 4 Plug Connector.2-792.11.5 Sequencing and contact area2-812.11.6 MCH positioning2-812. 12 Air flow management面2-822.13 Auxiliary Connector(Zone 2 and zone 3)keying2-832.13.1 Component keep- in height2-842.13.2 Connector keep-in height2-842.133 Keying block…2-852.13.5 AMC0 electrically compatible keying block2.13. 4 Keying block with electrical connections2-86.2-872.14 MicroTCa cube2892.15 MicroTCA Pico2.16 Microtca filler pane的∵面1面面,面2-902-902.17 Cooling Units(CUs)2-912.18 Subrack/Shelf/Cube/Pico performance.2922. 18.1 Load carrying2-922.18.2 Insertion cycles2922.18.3ESD2-922.18.4EMC2-93PICMG MicroTCA. 0 Specification Draft RC1.O, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification2. 18.5 Safety2-932.18.6 Physical Slot and Tier numbering2932.19 Subrack/Shelf environmental2-962.19. 1 Subrack shock and vibration2-962.19.2 Earthquake.........2-962.19.3 Flammability2-962.19.4 Atmospheric2-962. 19.5 Thermal2-972.19.6 Acoustic∴…………………2972.19.7 Surface temperatures2-972.20 References2-973 Hardware platform management3-13.1 Overview3.1.1 Micro Tca Carrier model3-13.1.3 Relationship with IPMI, AdvancedMC, and AdvancedTCA.3.1.2 MicroTCA management architecture3-23-73.1.4 Key differences from PICMG 3.0 and AMC.0 specifications..........3-73.1.5 PICMG properties and FRU Device ID assignments3-93.2 Management-related interconnects3-113.2.1 AdvancedMc interconnects3-113.2.2 Power Module and Cooling Unit interconnects3.2.3 Guidelines for OEM Module interconnects and management3-133-143.2.4 Carrier FRU Information device requirements.3-153.25 Microtca carrier interconnects3-193.3 Carrier Manager.…….…..…...…3-203.3.1 MCH Face Plate indicators3-223.3.2 Payload Interface3-223.3.3 Carrier Manager IP address3-223.3.4 IPM event support∴3-243.3.5 Redundant MCH operation3-253.3.6 Addressing3-263.3.7 Carrier number3-293.3.8 Location information34 Shelf Manager…3-383. 4.1 Shelf Manager configuration options383.4.2 Differences from the AdvancedTca shelf Manager3-403.4.3 Shelf-Carrier Manager Interface翻套国画1面,国面,1面D国画面国3-423.4.4 Shelf Manager IP addre3-433.5 MCMC requirements3453.6 EMMC requirements3-463.7 Operational state management3-483.7.1 Carrier Manager start up……….….….….………..……3483.7.2 Shelf Manager actions on Carrier detection3-483.7.3 Normal Shelf operation1B面面国B3-483.7.4 Abnormal situation handling3-4938 Power management.……3-493.8.1 Power clapping国面3-503.8.2 Micro T CA Carrier Power Management records.3-513.8.3 Early power management356PICMG( Micro TCAO Specification Draft RC1. 0, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification3.8.4 Normal power management.3-573.8.5 Power management commands and sensors3-593.8.6 Abnormal power condition handling3-673.9 Cooling management3-693.9.1 Fan geography.…3-703.9.2 Cooling control…3-713.9.3 Normal cooling operation3-723.9.4 Abnormal cooling operation3-733.9.5 Fan tachometer sensors3-733.9.6 Temperature sensors翻画1国翻B1B…3-733.10 Electronic Keying3-743.10.1 Micro TCA Carrier point-to-point connectivity information3-753.10.2 Module point-to-point connectivity information.3-773.10.3 AMC Port state commands3-783.10.4 Clock b- Keying……3-783.11 Telco alarm management3-73. 12 System Event log…………3-863.13 Sensor management3-863.13.1 Guidelines and requirements for fru sensor events3-863.13.2 MCMC SDR requirements.3-873.13.3 EMMC SDR requirements3-883.13.4 Carrier Manager SDR requirements3-883.14 fru Information.3-913. 14.1 EMMC FRU Information3-913. 14.2 MCMC FRU Information3-913.143 Carrier FRu Information3-923. 14.4 Shelf fru information面国面国面3-923.15 PMI message bridging……….3-933.15.1 Message bridging process3-933.16 PMI functions and command3-943. 16.1 Required IPMI functions..3-953.16.2 Command assignments3-973.17 FRU records, sensors and entity Ids∴3-1084 Power…4-14.1 Overview4-14.2 Loads on the Power Subsystem4-24.2.1 Microtca carrier hub(MCH),………,………………………24-24.2.2 Cooling Units4-74.2.3 Advanced mezzanine cards4-104.3 Power architecture4-134.3.1 Basic functionality4-134.3.2 Partitioning of the Power Subsystem:.::a:.4-154.3.3 Power sources4-154.3. 4 Power Subsystem redundancy4-164.3.5 System Grounding considerations4-214.3.6 Power distribution and backplane considerations4-234.4 Control and monitoring of the Power Subsystem4-2444.1 PM-EMMCs4-244.4.2 Geographic Address4-24PICMG MicroTCA. 0 Specification Draft RC1.O, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification4.4.3|PMB-04-2444.4Ps1[S|o#4-254.4.5EN[Slof]#,…4-2544.6 PWRON_[Sot]…4-254.4.7PSPM#4-2644.8 PM-EMMC watchdog timer……4264.4.9 Power Module oK4-2744.10 Power module reset4-274.4.11 System power-up4-274.4.12 Input voltage sensors1国面面量面1国面4-294.4.13 Temperature sensors4-294414 Power module extraction switch4-304,415 Blue lED4-304.4.16LED14-314 4.17 Other leds4-314.5 Connectors4-314.5. 1 Power Module Output Connector4-324.5.2 Power Module Input Connectors81国面面4-324.6 Single-Width,Fu‖- Height Power Module…∴4-334.6.1 Inputs4-344.6.2 Outputs4-354.6.3 Bulk supply current limit4-384.6.4 Control and monitoring………………………4-384.6.5 Redundancy4-384.6.6 Mechanical4-4546.7 Thermals.8...8.88.84-45画·面4.6.8 Regulatory.4-4547 Other mechanical considerations…4-464.7.1 Double-Width form factor4-464.7.2 Form factors other than Full-Height4-464.8 Power source considerations.4-464.8.1 DC power feeds4-474.8.2 AC power feeds4-554.9 References4-605 Thermal5.1 Overview5-15.2 AMC. 0 Modules and microtCa国着画5-15.3 AMC.0 Carriers and microtca5.4 Subrack slot5-25.5 Airflow path5.6 AMC.0 Modules and power dissipation.5-35-35.7 MicroTCA system cooling configuration……….….….…....545. 8 Air distribution in a slot5-45.9 Air inlet and exhaust5-55. 10 Slot cooling capability5-55. 11 Module cooling requirements●5.12 Standard air.5-75.12.1 Derivatie5.122 Barometric changes due to weather....…...……….57PICMG( Micro TCAO Specification Draft RC1. 0, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification5.13 Slot impedance curve.5-85.14 Slot fan flow curve5.15 Cooling Unit failure5-85.16 Filters5.17 System sensors….…….….……5-95.18 Thermal and operating environment5-105.19 Thermal and cabling5-105.20 Simulation and impedance testing5-105.20.1 AdvancedMC/MCH reference Module..5-115.20.2 Power Unit reference module∴5-125.21 Simulation environment5.22 Thermal dynamic modeling5-135.23 Fluid networking modeling5.24 Acoustic noise5-135.25 Surface temperature5-145.26 Design recommendations5-155.27 Cooling limitations and examples..5-175.28 References1面5-226 Interconnect6-16.1 Introduction.…6-16.2 Fabric interface6.2.1 Backplane fabric interface support requirements6-26.2.2 MCH fabric interface support requirements6.3 MCH Specific Interfaces6-46.3.1 MCH update Channel interface6-46.3.2 MCH cross-over Channel interface.6-56. 3. 3 MCH PWR ON interface6-66.3.4 Inter-MCH IPMB-L interface6.4 Synchronization clock interface6.4.1 Signal descriptions6-86. 4.2 Clock architectures6-96.4.3 Non-Telecom and Telecom clocks6-136.5 JTAG interface.…6-136.5.1 JSM Overview6-146.5.2 JSM Signaling Overview6-166.5.3 JSM Interface to mch16.54 JSM Interface to mch2.……6-186.5.5 JSM Interface to Advancedmcs.6-196.5.6 JSM Interface to Power modules.6-226.5.7 JSM Master mode selection6-236.5.8 JSM Interface to External tester..6-246.5.9 MCH JTAG6-266.5. 10 Power module jtAG6-276.6 MicroTCA Interface topologies1画6-276.6. 1 Topology models6-286.6.2 Correlation to AdvancedMc fabric regions6-296.7 MCH Connector pin allocation6-306.7.1 Pin naming conventions6-316.7.2 Fabric interface naming conventions6-31PICMG MicroTCA. 0 Specification Draft RC1.o, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification6.7.3 Synchronization clock interface naming convention6-316.7.4 MCH Connector pin list……………6-326.8 System examples.6-386.8. 1 Redundant MicroTCA system6-386.8.2 Variant redundant microtca interconnect6-416.8.3 Non-redundant MicroTCA system6-45Connectors7-17.1 General information7-17.2 AdvancedMC Backplane Connectors7-17.2.1 AdvancedMC Backplane Connector pin list7-27.2.2 AdvancedMC Backplane Connector dimensions7-27.2.3 Advancedmc backplane connector pcb layout∴7-67. 2. 4 AdvancedMC Backplane Connector electrical characteristics7-107.2.5 AdvancedMC Backplane Connector high-speed characteristics7-147.2.6 AdvancedMC Backplane Connector mechanical characteristics7-187.3 Micro TCa Carrier hub connectors7-197.3.1 Micro TCA Carrier Hub Connector pin list7-197.3.2 Micro TCA Carrier Hub mating interface design7-207.3.3 Micro TCA Carrier Hub backplane connector7-227.3. 4 Micro TCA Carrier Hub Connector Backplane PCB layout7-237. 3.5 Micro tca Carrier Hub connector electrical characteristics7-247.3.6 Micro TCA Carrier Hub Connector high-speed characteristics7-2573.7 Micro tCa Carrier hub connector mechanical characteristics7-297.4 Power Module Output Connector7.4.1 Power Module Output Connector pin list and mating sequence7-317.4.2 Power Module Output Connector dimensions7-327. 4.3 Power Module Output Connector Backplane PCb layout7-347.4.4 Electrical characteristics for power Module output connector.7-367.4.5 Power Module Output Connector mechanical characteristics7-397.5 Power Module Input Connector7.5.1 Power Module Input Connector pin list and mating sequence7-417.5.2 Power Module Input Connector dimensions7-427.5.3 Electrical characteristics for Power Module Input Connector7-477.5.4 Power Module Input Connector mechanical characteristics7-517.6 AdvancedMC Auxiliary Connector7-537.7 Test schedule7-547.7.1 Specimen measurement arrangements7-547.7.2 Test schedule tables.7-647. 8 References.7-798 Regulatory requirements and industry standard guidelines8-18.1 Regulatory……8-18.1.1 Safety8-18.1.2 Electromagnetic compatibility..……………8-28.1.3 Ecology standards.8-28.2 Telecommunications industry standards requirements8-38. 2. 1 EMC/safety requirements for the telecommunications industry.......8-38.2.2 Environmental requirements for the telecommunications industry ..............8-48.3 Reliability/MTBF standards8-7PICMG( Micro TCAO Specification Draft RC1. 0, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification8.4 Cross reference list8.5 FRU test guidelines∴8-78.5. 1 FRU safety test8-88.5.2 FRU EMC testing.8-88.5.3 FRU environmental testing8-9a Module mis-insertion considerationsA-1A 1 MCH Module mis-insertion combinationsA-2A 2 AdvancedMc module mis-insertion combinationsA-5A3 Power management implicationsA-8A 4 System management implicationsA-8A.4.1 Optional MMC instance on MCH ModuleA-9A.4.2 Using an AdvancedMC in an MCH SlotA-13A.4.3 Using an mch in an AdvancedMc SlotA-15A.4.4 Detecting mis-insertionsA-16A.5 Hardware implicationsA-1A. 5. 1 GNd pins at same locations........A-20A.5.2 PSO# and PS1# pins at same locationsA-23A.5.3 PWR and MP pins at same locationsA27A.5. 4 PWR ON pinA-29A.5.5 Ga[2: 0] pins at same locations道1面4…A-31A.5.6 ENABLE# pin at same locationA-35A.5.7 SDA L and SCL L pinsA-37A 5.8 JTAG pinsA-38A 5.9 Cross-over pinsA-39A.5. 10 TMREQ#, 12C SDA, and I2C SCL pins…A-39B Requirement list….B-1PICMG MicroTCA. 0 Specification Draft RC1.O, May 26, 2006Do not specify or claim compliance with this Draft Specification
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TracePro应用实例详解-
TracePro应用实例详解-压缩版(内容不变)目录绪论光学设计基础知识1第一章导光管设计实例6第二章背光源设计实例12第三章LED设计实例-..1.18第四章手电筒设计实例由南南由南虚由由面鱼出面量自音s面自自鱼自自西由自由由由由由面由垂型由面由昏音面垂香量看证自音西垂45第五章积分球设计实例,54第六章LED设计实例二…第七章分光棱镜模拟实例……---77第八章LED汽车前照灯设计实例影中中中着,着看e,第九章简易荧光灯模型设计实例……100第十章投影仪设计实例…11111114第十一章红外光气体检测系统设计实例140第十二章荧光粉模拟实例150第十三章LED色温模拟实例…--1160第十四章消除杂散光模拟实例……167第十五章二级复合抛物面聚光器设计实例177第十六章矩形路灯聚光器的优化设计198第十七章一种LED植物生长灯的设计与制作…207第十八章简易筒灯的模拟与设计216绪论光学设计基础知识在开始本书前,我们需要了解一些基础的光学知识。一、光度学基本概念光通量:单位时间内光辐射能量的大小。它表示光源的发光能力。光通量单位:流明(lm),指lcd的均匀点光源在lsr内的光通量。发光强度(光强);光通量的角(空间的)密度,即在一定方向上的单位立体角内所发出的光通量。常用于说明光源和灯具发出的光通量在空间各方向或选定方向上的分布密度。发光强度的单位:坎德拉cd,lcd=1mSr,是国际单位制的基本单位。立体角:是任意一封闭的圆锥面内所包含的空间。单位是球面度(Sr),即以锥顶为球心,以r为半径作一圆球,如果锥面在圆球上截得的面积A为r的平方,则该立体角为一个单位立体角,而一个球体包含4π球面度。1979年10月第10届国际计量大会透过的坎德拉定义为:一个光源发出频率为540.0E1Hz的单色辐射(对应于空气中波长为550nm的单色辐射),若在一定方向上的辐射强度为1/683Wsr,则光源在该方向上的发光强度为1cd照度:单位面积(被照射面)上入射的光通量。照度单位;勒克斯(1x)注:1kx的照度是比较小的,在此照度下仅能大致辨认周围物体。晴朗的盈月夜晚,地面照度大约为0.2x;白天采光良好的室内照度为100-500x;晴天室外太阳散射光下,地面的照度约为10001x;中午太阳光照射下,地面的照度可达100001x光出射度:单位面积(发光面)上发射的光通量。其单位:辐射勒克斯(rlx)。亮度(台湾又称辉度):在一个广光源上取一个单元面积dA,从与表面法线成角的方向上去观察,在这个方向上的光强与所可见的光源面积之比,定义为光源在该方向的亮度。单位:尼特(坎德拉每平方米,cdm2)。注:太阳的亮度为1.6*10E9以上,碳极弧光灯(1.8-12)*10E8,钨丝灯(2.0-20)*10E6,蜡烛(0.5-1.0)*10OE4,蓝天0.8*10E4暗适应:由光亮处进入到黑暗处,开始一切都看不见,经过一段时间才能看见物体轮廊。所需时间较长,一般几分钟以上。明适应:有暗处进入到亮处时,开始也不能辨别物体,几秒到几十秒后才能看清物体。在有明暗变化的视场内,应考虑照明的过渡。后像:在高亮度的闪光之后,往往会感到有一连串的影像,以不规则的强度和不断降低的频率正负交替出现,即后像。强烈的后像对视力工作有很大害处。应避免。眩光:视场中有极高的亮度或强烈的亮度对比时,会造成视觉下降和眼睛的不舒适,这种现象称为眩光。前者为失能眩光,后者为不舒适眩光。不舒适眩光取决于视场内的尺寸亮度数量位置以及背景亮度等原素。注:一个明亮光源发出的光线,被一个有光泽或半光泽的表面射入观察者眼睛,可能产生轻度分散注意力甚至不舒适的感觉。当这种反射发生在作业面上时,称为“光幕反射”,如发生在作业面以外时,称为“反射眩光”。颜色:眼睛能够辨别背景上的被观察对象(细节),必须满足以下两个条件之对象与背景有不同的颜色(颜色对比),或者对象与背景在亮度上有一定的差别(亮度对比)。可见度(能见度,视度):表示被识别对象看清楚的程度。反射,折射,透射,吸收:1.据能量守衡定律,材料的反射系数+透射系数+吸收系数=1铝(普通)的反射系数为60-73%,吸收系数为2740%。铝(电解抛光)的反射系数为75-84%(光泽),62-70%(无光)。铬反射系数为65%,吸收系数为35%2.光的反射分类:定向反射( Specular reflection),散反射( Spread Reflection),漫反射( )effuse Reflection),混合反射( Compound Reflection)3.折射:水的临界折射角为48.5°,玻璃的临界折射角为30°到40°。玻璃的折射率为1.5左右。4.光的透射分类:定向透射,散透射( Spread Transmission),漫透射( DiffuseTransmission),混合透射( Mixed Transmission)5.光在玻璃表面垂直入射时,入射光在入射面被反射4%,在透过面被反射3-4%,被吸收2-8%,透过率为80-90%6.材料的表面的光反射和光透射具有光谱选择性。二、LED光学设计基础知识为了使LED芯片发出的光能够更好地输出,得到最大程度的利用,并且在照明区域内满足设计要求,需要对LED进行光学系统的设计。其中,在封装过程中的设计被称为一次光学设计;而在LED之外进行的光学设计被称为二次光学设计①一次光学设计LED芯片只是一块很小的固体,它的两个电极要在显微镜下才能看见,加入电流后它才会发光。在制作工艺上,除了要对LED芯片的两个电极进行焊接,从而引出正、负电极之外,同时还要对LED芯片和两个电极进行保护。因此,这就需要对LED芯片进行封装。在封装的过程中,为了能够最高效率地输出可见光的功能,需要进行光学设计,合适选择封装材料的形状、结构和材料,这种设计在业内被称为一次配光设计次配光设计主要是决定发光器件的出光度、光通量大小、光强大小、光强分布等。而影响封装出光效率的高低、效果的好坏,主要是由芯片、支架和模粒三要素来决定的。②二次光学设计在使用LED发光器件时,整个系统的出光效果、光强、色温的分布状况也必须进行设计,把器件发出的光线集中到期望的照明区域内,从而让整个LED照明系统能够满足设计的需要,这被称为二次光学设计。二次光学设计必须在LED发光器件次配光设计的基础上进行。一次配光设计是保证每个LED发光器件的出光质量,考虑将LED芯片中发出的光能尽量多地取出。而二次配光设计是考虑怎样把LED器件发出的光线集中到期望的照明区域上,从而让整个系统发出的光能满足设计需要。从某种意义上来说,只有封装设计即一次配光设计)合理,才能保证系统的二次配光设计顺利实现,从而提高照明和显示的效果。基于LED的二次配光设计,对最终的照明器件和产品的性能起着至关重要的作用。第一,部分光线未能达到有效的照明范围从而导致能量的损失,需要使用大数值孔径的光学系统对光线进行汇聚,进一步提高光能利用率;第二,封装之后,像面照度分布均匀性达不到改计要求,难以在每一点的照度值都大于要求的最低照度值,这都需要对LED进行二次配光设计。日前市场上常用的光学设计和分析程序主要有美国焦点软件公司开发的ZEMAX、 Optical Research Associates的 CODE V和 Light Tools、 Breault ResearchOrganization的ASAP以及 Lambda research的 TracePro等。ZEMAX是美国焦点软件公司所发展出的光学设计软件,可做光学组件设计与照明系统的照度分析,也可建立反射、折射、绕射等光学模型,并结合优化,公差等分析功能,是套可以运算 Sequential及Non- Sequential的软件。 ZEMAX不仅功能强大,而且具备直观性、软件灵活、优化快速、容易操作使用等优点,与其他软件不同的是 ZEMAX的CAD转档程序都是双向的,如IGES、STEP、SAT等格式都可转入及转出。当前有三种不同的版本: ZEMAX-SE(标准版); ZEMAX-XE(展版)ZEMAX-EE传专业版)。 ZEMAX在成像光学,特别是透镜设计方面应用十分广泛。CODE V是应用非常广泛的光学设计和分析软件,是世界上分析功能最全、优化功能最强的光学软件,为各国政府及军方研究部门、著名大学和各大光学公司广泛采用,并广泛适用于照相设备、摄影机和医疗器具等,功能强大使用简单灵活。其功能主要包括变焦结构优化和分析、环境热量分析、MIF和RMS波阵面基础公差分析、用户自定义优化、干涉和光学校正准直、非连续建模、矢量衍射计算及偏振、全球综合优化光学设计方法等。ASAP是 Breault Research Organization研制的一套不受限制的、非序列光线追迹软件。它具有对物理光学、成像系统和照明系统进行建模分析的强大功能,它的图形工具允许用户进行截图分析,或者对几何模型、光线追迹、分析结果进行三维演示。ASAP还可以分析散射、衍射、反射、折射、吸收、偏振、非序列光线追迹和高斯光束传播。Light Tools.是 Optical Research Associate制的一套全新的具有光学精度的交互式三维实体建模软件体系,它提供最现代化的手段直接描述光学系统中的光源、透镜、反射角、分束器、衍射光学元件、棱镜、机槭结构以及光路。由 Light Tools把光学和机械元件集合在统一的体系下处理,并配置“放置”光源、发射光线的非序列追迹强大功能,使它在系统初步设计、复杂系统设计规划、光机一体设计、杂光分析、照明系统设计分析、单位各部门间学术交流和数据交換、课题论证或产品推广等各环节中发挥重要的作用。TracePro是美国 Lambda Research公司开发的一款基于蒙特卡罗法( Mante Carlo)的非序列光线追迹(Non- Sequential Ray Tracing)软件,它是一套以符合工业标准的ACIS固体建模引擎为核心所发展出来的光学机构仿真软件,是一套结合了真实固体建模、强大光学分析功能、信息转换能力强及易上手的使用界面的仿真软件,它可将真实立体模型与光学分析紧密结合起来。目前,国际上在照明系统分析、传统光学分析、辐射度以及光度分析,在镜头杂散光分析、背光板、LED设计及应用、照明灯具、车灯、投影显示器等众多领域中已经大量采用该软件进行计算机辅助设计。本书主要采用该软件进行模拟设计(读者需对 TracePro软件的使用有一定了解,可以参考《 TracePro7.0中文使用手册》)。TracePro用于照明设计的一般流程如图1所示。建立模型□>建立模型建立光源优化属性结果不符合定义属性光线追迹结果分析图1模拟设计流程图三、几个知名品牌的LED模型下载地址下面是各个种类的LED模型下载地址,模型包括用在 Trace Pro里面的,也有Light Tools,,也有 ZEMAX的,下载下来直接在相应的软件上调用就可以了,十分方便。1.mh:http://www.philipslumileds.com/resources/design/listing.cfm?catoptical然后打开 Optical Design Resources点击LE链接2.lim(Cree):http:/www.cree.com/products/ledlamps.asp.然后打开 LED Components页面点击LED3.欧司朗http://www.osram-os.com/ray-filcs然后点击LED下载。第一章导光管设计实例在 TracePro中进行导光管设计,将使用到面平扫功能。主要步骤如下:打开 Trace Pro软件2.在下拉工具菜单 Insert选择实体模型 Insert/Primitive solids命令3.在基本实体模型设置对话框中,选择 Cylinder/Cone设置栏4.选中 Cylinder,在Bae下的 Major栏输入底面半径为2,在1op下的 Length输入30。如图1.1所示。■ nsert Pr盈itSolidsBlock Cylinder/Cone Torus I Sphere Thin Sheet IName: Obiect 1C Cylind. C Cone厂 EllipticalBTMajMajMinor aLength 30Base Posi tionBase rotationx:0Y:0Y:o2:in Degreesset,□li图1.15.点击 Insert插入,再点击缩放工具图标二如图1.2所示。ladel: [UntitledSurface 1tity 4Cyl/C图下一步将使用 Revolve对上面建立的导光管右端面进行旋转延伸操作:1.选中导光管右端面,即 Object 1下的 Surface22.执行下拉菜单 Edit/Surface/ Revolve命令。在 Revolve surface Selection对话框设置旋转角度为90度,半径为25mm。4.在位置坐标栏输入(0-2530);(100)。具体见图1.3所示。5.点击 Revolve surface插入旋转延伸。如图14所示。Revolve Surface Selection DXAngle 90planar suIfaces on副yDraft angle oin DegreesRadius250Positicn on axis of revolution Axis cf RevolutionPosition X 0Axis X 1Positon丫AxisY 0Position Z30Axis20Get Position fiom last mouse clickCalculate a Position using selected surfaceRevolve Surface图1.3Fuel: [Untitled1]回xobject I中 ur tace 0中 Surtace2Entity 4Model Source Radi anee图1最后将进行Swep面平扫,完成导光管的实体模型:1.选中端面 Surface3,执行下拉菜单 Edit/Surface/Sweep命令。2.在 Sweep Surface Selection对话框中,输入 Distance为l5mm,Draf为-2度。
- 2021-05-06下载
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