正向和反向使用PSO 5 dof-manipulator

容错控制机器仿真，介绍了飞行器操纵系统以及容错控制。(Fault Tolerant Control )

im doing so much huhu

说明：  里面包含一些现代优化算法的理论介绍以及实例分析，其中包括禁忌搜索（tabu search），模拟退火（simulated annealing），遗传算法（genetic algorithms），人工神经网络（neural networks）的理论和程序。(It contains some modern optimization algorithm theory introduction and example analysis, including tabu search, simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, artificial neural network theory and program.)

提出了一种新的宽带DOA估计方法:频域子空间正交性测试方法(TOFS:Test of orthogonality of frequency sub- space)。该方法通过同时测试频域信号共同带宽内各频段噪声子空间与阵列流形之间的正交性来进行DOA估计。与宽带相干信号子空间方法不同,TOFS方法不需要任何初始值的预估及聚焦操作。与宽带非相干信号子空间方法也不同,TOFS方法同时测试各频段噪声子空间与阵列流形之间的正交性。本文仿真了TOFS与IMUSIC、CSSM、TOPS的性能比较。仿真结果表明TOFS方法在中等信噪比以上时有较好的性能,且避免了TOPS方法中常出现的伪峰。 (Proposed a new broadband DOA estimation methods: subspace orthogonal frequency domain test methods (TOFS: Test of orthogonality of frequency sub-space). The method by simultaneously testing the frequency domain signal bandwidth of each band noise common sub-orthogonality between space and the array manifold to be DOA estimates. And broadband coherent signal subspace different methods, TOFS method does not require any initial estimate and focusing operation values. And broadband incoherent signal subspace methods are different, TOFS method for simultaneous testing of each band orthogonal noise subspace and the array manifold between. This paper compares the performance TOFS simulation and IMUSIC, CSSM, TOPS is. Simulation results show that the method TOFS better performance when more moderate SNR and spurious peaks TOPS method avoids the often occur.)

掌握 IIR 数字滤波器的直接I 型、II 型、级联型、并联型结构的特点和表示方法；FIR数字滤波器的直接型、级联型、频率抽样型以及快速卷积的结构特点和表示方法；线性相位，FIR 滤波器的结构和特点；全通滤波器、梳状滤波器的特点和表示方法。

说明：  matlab中的kalman滤波工具箱；解压后请置于toolbox目录下，添加addpaht(genpath( 路径 ))。 (of Matlab Toolbox Kalman filtering; please unpacked placed toolbox directory, add addpaht (genpath (path)).)

在matlab环境下，根据四级移位寄存器产生的M序列(-1,+1)(Matlab environment, according to the four shift register M sequence (-1,+1))

主要用于计算目标前向、侧向、后向散射特征，同时完成RCS极坐标图的绘制(Used to calculate the target forward, sideways, backward scattering, and complete the drawing of the polar diagram RCS)

在matlab/simulink环境下开发的基于光流法的车辆检测器应用程序。(Vehicle detector applications based on optical flow method developed in the matlab/simulink environment.)

Introduction to matlab tutorial with matlab codes for example to guide the readers