Lumped Elements for RF and Microwave Circuits (Bahl 2003)
Lumped Elements for RF and Microwave Circuits英文版,射频微波电路入门Lumped Elements for RFand microwave circuitsFor a listing of recent titles in the Artech House Microwave library,turn to the back of this bookLumped Elements for RFand microwave circuitsInder bahlArtech houseBoston londonwww.artechhouse.comLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataBahl, I.J.Lumped elements for RF and microwave circuits /Inder Bahlp cm.--(Artech House microwave libraryncludes bibliographical references and indexISBN 1-58053-309-4(alk. paper1. Lumped elements(Electronics) 2. Microwave integrated circuits. 3. Radiofrequency integrated circuits. 4. Passive components. I. Title. II. SeriesTK7874.54B342003621.38132-dc212003048102British Library Cataloguing in Publication DataBahl, I. J. Inder jit)Lumped elements for RF and microwave circuits.-(Artech House microwave library1. Radio circuits 2. Microwave circuits I. Title621.38412ISBN1-58053-3094Cover design by Igor Valdmar2003 ARTECH HOUSE, INC.685 Canton StreetNorwood Ma 02062All rights reserved Printed and bound in the United States of America. no part of this bookmay be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includingphotocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permissionn writing from the publisherall terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have beenappropriately capitalized. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this information. Useof a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or servicemarkInternational Standard Book Number: 1-58053-309-4Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 200304810210987654321To my adorable grandsons, Karan and Rohan Kaushal, with whom I play, cry,and laugh, and who have provided me with the idea and inspiration towrite this bookContentsPrefaceXVAcknowledgmentsXXIntroduction1.1 History of Lumped Elcements)Why Use Lumped Elements for rF andMicrowave circuits1.3 L, C, R Circuit Elements1.4 Basic Design of Lumped Elements4.1 Capacitor1.4.2 Inductor4.3 Resistorumped-Element Modelin1. 6 Fabrication1.7 ApplicationsReferencesInductors2.1 IntroductionLumped Elements for RF and Microwave Circuits2.2 Basic Definitions2.2.1 Inductance2.2.2 Magnetic Energy182.2.3 Mutual Inductance202. 2. 4 Effective Inductance202.2.5Imedang2.2.6 Time Constant2.2.7 Quality Factor222.2.8 Self-Resonant Frequency232.2.9aximum Current Ratin2.2.10 Maximum Power Rating2.2.11 Other Parameters232.3 Inductor Configurations242.4 Inductor models2. 4. 1 Analytical Models252.4.2 Coupled-Line Appiroach282.4.3 Mutual Induse arppi342.4.4 Numerical Approach362.4.5 Measurement-Based model382.5 Coupling Between Inductors452.5. 1 Low-Resistivity Substrates2.5.2 High-Resistivity Substrates462.6 Electrical Representations2.6. 1 Series and Parallel representations2.6.2 Network Representations51References52Printed Inductors573.1 Inductors on Si Substrate583.1.1 Conductor Loss3.1.2 Substrate Loss3. 1.3 Layout Considerations3.1.4 Inductor Model3. 1.5 Q-Enhancement Techniques3.1.6 Stacked-Coil Inductor803.1.7 Temperature Dependence84
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混沌系统的图像加密
提出了一种基于级联混沌系统的图像加密算法。实验结果表明,这种加密算法具有高度的安全性和有效性。关键词: 图像加密算法;混沌;级联混沌 目前混沌加密己成为密码学研究的热点之一,但已有的大部分混沌加密算法都是基于单个混沌系统的。事实表明,一些混沌映射可通过相空间重构的方法精确预测出来[1]。另外,由于计算机精度的限制,单混沌系统输出的时间序列并不能达到理论上的完全随机,而可通过多个混沌系统的级联使1382002GDCTK LP(M/K)(NIL). PS DCT(M/K)(N/L)],i=h,j=G[0,1GSm=88(k=1,2,,M/8Sign(nn)ⅠB.IBIlByDCT2,,M/K,j=1,2,,N/L),IB=j+(-1)(N[O,1,,31L). IPⅠP3.3K L)SteplIBi= pImmage3.2.3Outl mageInl mageStep2.(1k(k=1,Out/ mageyhSkm DCtep2.(1)rk yk(= 1,g km10.88 DCTJPE GPGDCTIPEJPEG3.2.43.3JPEGMPEG, JPEGx0=0.60773).2en aDCTx0=0.60773)Huffman[2,8]JPEG1d.2d0=0.60772SG3DCT3a,3b3 cJPEG90DCTDCTa Lena原图b加密图像c解密恢复的图像d密钥错误解密的图像1994-2012 China academic journ图Hlec图像筐國咖密解密铺果. All rights reserved.htt:ww. cnkinet139B enn原图b加密图像c解密恢复的图像d密钥错误解密的图像图2图像域加密与解密结果a随机噪声b均匀噪声C JPEG压缩图3加密图像的失真对解密图像的影响[4] C Shi, B Bhargava. Light -w eight M PEG video encr yption agorithm Al. In: Pr oc ee dings of the Int ernat ional ConferenceDelhi, India, 1998. 55 6[5 Josef Scharinger. Fast en cry pt ion of image dat a usin g ch aot iKolm og or ov flows[A]. In: Proceedings of E lectronicImaging 97, Security and Watermarking of Multimed ia Conten ts, S an Jos e,1997,3022:278289[6 Qi Don gxu, Zou Jiancheng. et al. New scramble tr ans form a-tion and applic at ion in inform at ion hiding[ J]. Ch inese Science(E),20,030(5):440447( in chinese)E),2000,30(5):440447)[1 Li Y uh uan. Comb inat orial Mathem at ics[ M I. Beijing: Beijing [7] Hui Xiang, et aL. D igital water ark ing sys tems w ith ch icNormal College press, 1998( in Chinese)sequences[ A]. In: Proceedings of Electronic Imaging99, Se-M,1998)cu rity and Waterm ark ing of Multimedia Contents, SPIE, San[2] Wu M insh eng, Wang Jiesheng. L iu Shen quan. Perm ut at ionJose,1999,3657:449457transformation of image[ J]. Chinese Journal of Computers, [8] Yi Kaixiang, Sun Xin, Shi jiaoy ing. Chaotic sequences bas ed1998,21(6):514519 in chines e)image encry pt ion alg or ith m[ J]. Journ al of Computer-A idedDes ign Com puler Graph ics, 2000, 12(9):672 676(in Chi-1998,21(6):514519leseWei, Qi Don gxu. Digit al image tran format ion and in-format ion hiding and dis guisin g techn ology[ J]. Chin ese Jour2000,12(9):672nal of Computers, 1998, 21(9):838 843( in Chinese676)1998,21(9):838843)o1994-2012ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreservedhttp://www.cnki.net
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