RTCM3.3协议全
全新RTCM3.3协议完整版RTCM STANDARD 10403.3DIFFERENTIAL GNSS(GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS)SERVICES – VERSION 3DEVELOPED BYRTCM SPECIAL COMMITTEE NO. 104OCTOBER 7, 2016COPYRIGHT©2016 RTCMRadio Technical Commission for Maritime Services1611 N. Kent St., Suite 605Arlington, Virginia 22209-214RTCM Paper 141-2016-SC104-STD000ocRTCMco00c30RTCM 10403. 3, Differential GNSS Global Navigation Satellite Systems)Services- Version 3, October 7, 2016This standard (referred to as version 3 has been developed by rtCm special Committee 104 as a moreefficient alternative to the standards entitled rtcm recommended standards for diffe rentialRecommended Standards for Differential gNss Global Navigation Satellite Systems Service, Version 2.x(Current version is 2. 3, now designated as RTCM 10402. 3. Service providers and vendors represented onthe SC104 Committee wanted a new standard that would be more efficient, easy to use, and more easilyadaptable to new situations. The main complaint was that the version 2. x parity scheme, which useswords with 24 bits of data followed by 6 bits of parity, was wasteful of bandwidth. Another complaint wasthat the parity was not independent from word to word. Still another was that even with so many bitsdevoted to parity the actual integrity of the message was not as high as it should be. Plus, 30-bit wordsare awkward to handle. the new standard version 3 is intended to correct these weaknessesUnlike Version 2. x, this standard does not include tentative messages The messages in Version 3 haveundergone testing for validity and interoperability and are considered to be permanent. amendments tothe standard may change the meaning of reserved bits or provide additional clarifying text, but no changeswill be made in the data fields. Changes will require new messages to be developed. In addition to themessages described in the current standard the committee continues to develop new messages whichare described in separately published amendments and periodically gathered into a new edition of thestandard. RTCM 10403x for dgNSS services is proving useful in supporting highly accurate differentialand kinematic positioning as well as a wide range of navigation applications worldwideNote that Version 3 messages are not compatible with Version 2. x. Since many receivers have beendesigned and programmed for use with Version 2. x messages, rtCm is maintaining both standards0402 3 and 10403, 3 as" standardsVersion 3.0The initial edition consisted primarily of messages designed to support real-time kinematic (RTK)operations. The reason for this emphasis is that rtk operation involves broadcasting a lot of informationand thus benefits the most from an efficient data format. Version 3.0 provided messages that supportGPS and gloNaSs rTK operations including code and carrier phase observables antenna parametersand ancillary system parametersVersion 3. 1(RTCM Standard 10403.1:The next edition, Version 3. 1 (RTCM Standard 10403. 1), incorporated GPS Network Corrections, whichenable a mobile receiver to obtain accurate rtk information valid over a large area. In addition, new GPSand GLoNaSS messages provide orbital parameters to assist in rapid acquisition a Unicode text messageis also provided for the transmission of textual data. Finally a set of messages are reserved for vendorswho want to encapsulate proprietary data in their broadcasts the gps Network Corrections enable amobile receiver to obtain accurate rtk information valid over a large area. the network rtk correctioninformation provided to a rover can be considered as interpolated corrections between the referencestations in the rtk network this interpolation is not perfect and varies with the actual conditions of theatmosphere. A residual interpolation error has to be expected. With sufficient redundancy in the RtKnetwork, the network server process can provide an estimate for residual interpolation errors. Suchquality estimates may be used by the rover to optimize the performance of rtk solutions The values maybe considered by the rover as a priori estimates only with sufficient tracking data available the rovermight be able to judge residual geometric and ionospheric errors itselfVersion 3. 1. Amendment 1:Amendments 1 was an extensive addition that adds rtcm messages containing transformation data andinformation about Coordinate reference Systems. For rtCm data supporting a rtk service, coordinatesare measured within the itrf or a regional realization surve yors and other users of rtk services mustnormally present their results in the coordinates of local datums. Therefore, coordinate transformationsare necessary. by having RTCM messages that contain transformation data and information about theCoordinate reference systems the users of the rtk service can obtain their results in the desired datumwithout any manual operations. the rtk service providers can then ensure that current information forthe computation of the transformations is always used. the convenience of this method will promote theacceptance of rtK servicesVersion 3. 1. amendment 2:Amendment 2 added residual error messages to support the use of Non-Physical or Computed referenceStations in a network rtk environmentVersion 3. 1. amendment 3:Amendment 3 addressed differences in the way gnss receiver manufacturers have implemented carrierphase encoding of some Version 3 messages so that carrier phase observations are in phase for all carrierphases of a specific frequency i e. they correct for quarter cycle phase shifts. others retain the quartercycle offset between the carrier phase observations in the data. this amendment documents the waydifferent manufacturers have handled the phase shift issue and prescribes a uniform approach for futureproducts.∨ersiⅰon3.1, Amendment4:Amendment 4 added sections 3.5.13 on glONASS Network rtK Correction Messages and 3.5. 14 on FKPNetwork Rtk Correction Messages Related revisions were also made elsewhere in the document.Version 3. 1. amendment 5Amendment 5 added section 3. 5. 12 on State Space Representation related revisions are also madeelsewhere in the document, along with some editorial correctionsVersion 3. 2(RTCM Standard 10403.2)Version 3.2 consolidates Version 3. 1 and all five amendments into a new edition, and it adds MultipleSignal Messages (MSM)as well. the Multiple Signal Message (MSm)format generates receiverobservables in the same way for all included satellite systems. the messages include compact and fullmessages for Pseudorange, PhaseRange, Carrier to Noise Ratio (standard and high resolution), andPhaseRangeratea table near the beginning of the standard lists which messages were included in each separate editionand amendment, so it should not be necessary for users to refer to older versions. Multiple signalMessages are a generic format that will be followed for all GNSs systems. version 3 originally consisted ofmessages for GPS and GLONASS, each in their own format Now with the imminent addition of signals forBeiDou, Galileo, and QZSS, as well as new signals provided by modernized GPS and GloNASS satellitesthe need for a consistent generic format became evident. service providers and users are urged to migrateto the MsM messages to make it easier to accommodate new gNss services(See The RTCM Multiple Signal Messages: A New Step in GNSS Data Standardization")Another newmessage is the gloNaSS Bias Information message. This message provides information which is intendedto compensate for the first-order inter-frequency phase range biases introduced by the reference receivercode- phase biasVersion 3.2, Amendment 1:Added Galileo F/NAv Satellite Ephemeris Data(msg. 1045 )and Bds MSM(msgs. 1121-1127)Version 3.2 amendment 2Added qzss ephemeris(msg. 1044 )and QZss MSm (msgs. 1111-1117Version 3. 3(RTCM Standard 10403.3)This new edition adds Satellite-Based Augmentation System Multiple Signal Messages to previouslydopted messages for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and QzssA new ephemeris message has been added for BeiDou(BDS)and a new I/NAV ephemeris message hasbeen added for Galileo. The new edition also reserves 100 messages be used exclusively by sc104 fornew message developmentFinally, the new edition makes consolidates previous amendments and makes numerous editorialImprovementsNavstar GPS Service, Version 2. x. Service providers and vendors represented on the scco000c30z1O2co00c30Contentsco00c30
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77GHz多载频MIMO汽车雷达信号处理方法的研究
77GHz多载频MIMO汽车雷达信号处理方法的研究，主要是一分期刊感觉值1分微波学报2017年第33卷增刊8月3 MUSIC角度估计算法从上节可知,由于发射阵元产生不同频率的信号,因此在接收阵元回波上存在一定的频差-距离相位差,在应用算法前首先对其进行预处理补偿,然后使用MUSC算法进行测角。图2阵列形状示意图定义等效阵列的协方差矩阵为4.1动目标等速不等距R=EX]=A(的RA"(O)+an1实验中将2个日标速度设置为等速10ms,其距离和角度参数分别为(30m,2.59)、40m59)。其频其中R为信号协方差矩阵,σ衣示噪声功率,/谱和角度估计结果如图3、图4所示。为单位矩阵。对其进行特征值分解可得R=EAE +EME其中λ,e;(i=1,2,…,MN)分别为升序排列的矩阵R的特征值和对应的特征向量En=span{e,e2,…和E、=span{eM-p+,eM-p+2,……,M}分别表小矩阵R的信号子空间和噪声子空间。在该情况下的 MUSIC空间谱定义为MUSIC(6)=[A( DEEnA(O)(8)由于存在噪声,上式倒数中的数值不为零,而是个很小的值,所以 MUSIC空间谱会出现一个尖峰。通过对θ的不断交化进行谱峰搜索来估计波达角。图3上/下扫频频谱图4计算机仿真本文以毫米波段的多载频MIMO雷达为例,传统雷达取上/下扫频周期为T=10ms,调频带宽B=500MHz,阵列形状如图2所示,发射天线为均匀线阵,间距d=元/2,阵元数M=2,天线问的频率间隔△f=100MHz,发射天线1、2的载波频率分别为77GHz77.1GH。模型采取线阵的结构,且发射天线分别布置在接收天线两端,接收天线间距d=4/2,阵元数N=8图4速度相同距离不同时角度估计结果接收阵元与发射阵元间距h=4/2,所以由MIMO雷达特性可知,最后得到的虚拟阵元数为通过仿真,测得动目标距离和速度信息为MN=16。(30.019m,10.034ms),(40.293m,9.981ms)=MMO为了验证本文所提方法的有效性,本文同时雷达角度佔计仿真结果为(-497°,-2.519),传统雷达引入相同参数指标的单发多收传统雷达做仿真对角度估计结果为(-336°)比实验。216?1994-2018ChinaacAdcmicJOurnalElcctronicPublishingHousc.Allrightsrescrvcd.http://www.cnki.nct微波学报2017年第33卷增刊8月4,2动目标等距不等速进一步验证了该方法的可行性,非常适合运用在实验,将2个日标距离设置为等距35m,汽车防撞雷达这种高分辨、小型化系统上其速度和角度参数分别为(10ms,2.5°),(15m/s,59)。参考文献其最终角度仿真图如图5所示。l]韩峻峰,张惠敏,潘盛辉,林川汽车防撞雷达概述「J广西科技大学学报.201,22(4):54-58传线雨达[2]侯宪美.多载频MIMO高频雷达的波束形成方法硏究[D,哈尔滨工业大学,2014[3]杨明磊,张守宏,陈伯孝,张焕颖.多载频MMO雷达的一和新的信号处理方法山电子信息学报,2009,31(1):147-151[4]田燕妮,张杨,徐晶晶.MMO技术舰载反导探测系统构成方法[J兵工自动化2015(1)4-6图5距离相同速度不同时角度估计结果[5]党宏社,韩崇昭,赵广社.汽车毫米波FMCW雷达中频由仿真结果可知,测得动目标距离和速度信信号的采样与处理[J现代雷达,200,24(4)43-45息为(29.879m,10.07mns),(30.155m,15.102ms)「6]魏星,万建伟,皇甫堪基于长短基线干涉仪的无源定MMO雷达角度估计仿真结果为(-5.01°,2.499),传位系统研究叮现代雷达,2007,29(5):22-25.统雷达角度估计结果为(4.87°,-2739)[7 KRIM H, VIBERG M. Two decades of array signal通过上述两个实验可以看出,在目标邻近的processing research the parametric approach[]. Signal情况下,MIMO雷达可以清晰地分辨出目标所在Proccssing Magazine, IEEE, 1996, 13(4): 67-94方向,而传统雷达则无法区分两个日标或分辨较[8 Duofang C, Baixiao C, Guodong Q. Angle estimation差using ESPrit in MIMO Radar[J. Electron Lett,2008:44(12):770-7715结论9]杨晓玉冯大政. ESPRIT算法在单基地MMO雷达中的应用[J电子科技,2009,22(12)91-本文讨论了7Hz多载频MIMO汽车雷达的[10染浩,崔,代林,余剑.阵列误差条件下MMo信号处理方法,运用线性调频连续波的近程探测雷达测向敏感性分析[微波学报,2015,31(41-8优点特性精准地测量出目标的距离和速度信息并通过MUSC算法准确测量出多运动目标相对季晓宇男,193年生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向:微应的角度,达到精确测向的理想效果,仿真结果波毫米波汽车雷达信号处珥,MMO雷达信号处理。证明了该方汯精度可以达到001°。在系统体积和Em-9191562@q40m参数不变的情况下,利用与传统雷达的仿真对比217?1994-2018ChinaacAdcmicJOurnalElcctronicPublishingHousc.Allrightsrescrvcd.http://www.cnki.nct
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