wifi 802.11n 协议标准
wifi 802.11n 协议标准Contents2. Normative references ........................................................................................................................... 13. Definitions ...........................................................................................................EEE Std802.11n"-2009(Amendment to ieEE Std 802.11-2007as amended by ieee std 802. 11k-2008EEE Std80211r-2008, EE Std802.11y-2008,and IEEE Std 802. 11w-2009)EEE Standard forInformation technology-Telecommunications and informationexchange between systems-Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirementsPart 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC)and Physical Layer(PHY SpecificationsAmendment 5: Enhancements for HigherThroughputSponsorLANIMAN Standards committeeof theIEEE Computer SocietyApproved 11 September 2009IEEE-SA Standards boardAbstract: This amendment defines modifications to both the IEEE 802 1 1 physical layer(PHY)andthe IEEE 802 11 medium access control (MAC) sublayer so that modes of operation can be enabledthat are capable of much higher throughputs, with a maximum throughput of at least 100 Mb/s, asmeasured at the Mac data service access point (SAP)Keywords: high throughput, MAC, medium access control, MIMO, MIMO-OFDM, multiple inputmultiple output, PHY, physical layer, radio, wireless local area network, WLANThe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue New york NY 10016-5997 USACopyright@ 2009 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IncAll rights reserved. Published 30 October 2009. Printed in the United States of AmericaIEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent Trademark Office, owned by the Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers, IncorporatedPDFSBN978-0-7381-60467STD95961Print:|SBN9780-7381-6047-4STDPD95961No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the priorwritten permission of the publisherIEEE Standards documents are developed within the ieee Societies and the standards Coordinating Committees ofthe IEee Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The ieee develops its standards through a consensusdevelopment process, approved by the American National Standards Institute, which brings together volunteersrepresenting varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the final product. Volunteers are not necessarily members of theInstitute and serve without compensation. While the ieee administers the process and establishes rules to promotefairness in the consensus development process, the ieee does not independently evalof any of the information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standar uate, test, or verify the accuracyUse of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The ieee disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or otherdamage, of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectlyresulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon this, or any other iEFF Standard documentThe ieee does not warrant or represent the accuracy or content of the material contained herein, and expresslydisclaims any express or implied warranty, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a specificpurpose, or that the use of the material contained herein is free from patent infringement. IEEE Standards docunentsare supplied‘ASIS.The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchasemarket, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the ieee Standard. Furthermore, the vintexpressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in thetate of the art and comments received from users of the standard. Every ieee standard is subjected to review at leastevery five years for revision or reaffirmation, or every ten years for stabilization. When a document is more than fiverears old and has not been reaffirmed, or more than ten years old and has not been stabilized, it is reasonable toconclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users arecautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE StandardIn publishing and making this document available, the IEee is not suggesting or rendering professional or othcrservices for, or on behalf of, any person or entity. Nor is the IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any otherperson or entity to another. Any person utilizing this, and any other IEEE Standards document, should rely upon his orher independent judgment in the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in deternining the appropriateness of a given IEEE standardInterpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they relate tospecific applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the Institute will initiateaction to prepare appropriate responses. Since IEFF Standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, itimportant to ensure that any interpretation has also received the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason,IEEE and the members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instantresponse to interpretation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formal considerationA statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manualshall not be considered the official position of ieee or any of its committees and shall not be considered to be, nor berelied upon as, a formal interprctation of the IEEE. At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, anindividual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered thepersonal views of that individual rather than the formal position, explanation, or interpretation of the IeEeComments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affiliationwith IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together withappropriate supporting comments. Recommendations to change the status of a stabilized standard should include atonale as to why a revision or withdrawal is required. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations shouldbe submitted to the following addressSecretary, IEEE-SA Standards board445 Hoes lanePiscataway, NJ 08854USAAuthorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by The Instituteof Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance CenterTo arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 RosewoodDrive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; +1978750 8400 PerImission lo photocopy portions of any individual standard foreducational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance CenterIntroductionThis introduction is not part of IEee Std 802. 11n-2009, IEEE Standard for Information technology-Telecommunications and information exchange between systems--Local and metropolitan networks--Specifirequirements-Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and Physical Layer(PHY) SpecificationsAmendment 5: Enhancements for Higher ThroughputThis amendment specifies enhancements to IEEE 802. 11 physical layer(PHY)and medium access control(MAC) sublayer to provide modes of operation with useful data rates substantially higher than thosepreviously available. Significantly higher IEEE 802. 11 wireless local area network(WLAN) throughput isexpected to improve user experiences for current applications and to enable new applications and marketsegmentsNotice to usersLaws and requlationsUsers of these documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with theprovisions of this standard does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirementsImplementers of the standard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatoryrequirements. iEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not incompliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so on that is not inCopyrightsThis document is copyrighted by the Ieee. It is made available for a wide variety of both public and privateuses.These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulationstandardization, and the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making this documentavailable for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, the ieee does not waive any rights incopyright to this documentUpdating of IEEE documentsUsers of ieFF standards should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by theissuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments,corrigenda, or errata. An official ieee document at any point in time consists of the current edition of thedocument together with any amendments corrigenda or errata then in effect In order to determine whethera given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance ofamendmentscorrigendaorcrrata,visittheIeeEStandardsAssociationwebsiteathttp://ieeexplore. ieee. org/xpl/standards. jsp or contact the iEee at the address listed previously.For more information about the IEEE Standards Association or the Ieee standards development process,visittheIeeE-sawebsiteathttp://standards.ieeeorgErrataErrata,ifanyforthisandallotherstandardscanbeaccessedatthefollowingUrl:http://standards. ieee. org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index. html. Users are encouraged to check this URL forta periodicallyInterpretationsCurrentinterpretationscanbeaccessedatthefollowingUrl:http://standards.ieeeorg/reading/ieee/interp/index htmlCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedPatentsAttention is called to the possibility that implementation of this amendment may require use of subjectmatter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to theexistence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. a patent holder or patent applicant hasfiled a statement of assurance that it will grant licenses under these rights without compensation or underreasonable rates, with reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfairdiscrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Other Essential Patent Claims may exist forwhich a statement of assurance has not been received. The Ieee is not responsible for identifying EssentialPatent Claims for which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scopeof Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or nondiscriminatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patentrights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further informationmay be obtained from the ieee Standards associationParticipantsWhen this amendment was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEEe 802. 11 Working Group had the followingofficersBruce P. Kraemer, ChairJon Walter Rosdahl, Vice Chair; Treasurer; and Chair, Task Group mbAdrian P. Stephens Vice chairStephen McCann, Secretary and Chair, Publicity standing Committee and Task group uTerry L. Cole, Technical Editor and Assigned Number AuthorityTeik-Kheong Tan, Chair, Wireless Next Generation Standing CommitteeDavid Bagby, Chair, Architecture Standing CommitteeBruce p. kraemer Co-Chair IMT-Advanced ad hoc commiteeLee armstrong, Chair, Task Group pDonald E Eastlake Ill, Chair;, Task Group sNeeraj Sharna, Chair, Task group lDorothy V. Stanley, Chair, Task Group v and IETF Ad hoc CommitteeJesse Walker, Chair. cTl Ad hoc committeePeter Ecclesine, Chair, Task group yMenzo Wentink, Chair, Task group zGancsh Venkatesan, Chair, Task Group aaEldad Perahia, Chair, Very High Throughput Study groupDarwin Enger, Co-Chair. IMT-Advanced ad hoc committeeWhen this amendment was sent to sponsor ballot, Task Group n had the following officersBruce P Kraemer. chairSILi. vice chairGarth Hillman and Jon Walter Rosdahl, SecretaryAdrian P. Stephens, Technical editorWhen this amendment was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEeE 802. 1l Working Group had the followingmembershiOsama S. aboulmagdMalik audchAmit bansalTomoko adachiCcrt A, awatoJohn. barrAlok aggarwalDavid bagbGal bassonCarlAldanaMichael bahrussa BavafaThomas AlexanderFan baiTuncer BaykasLee r. ArmstrongGabor BaikoJohn L. BenkoAlex ashleyDennis j. bakerMathilde benvenisteCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedBiorn A. berkeRobert Y huangChiu ngoDaniel borgesDavid hunterEero nikulaAnthony braskichYasuhiko inoueRichardH. noensJoseph brennanAkio isoHideaki odagiriDavid britzJunghoon JeeJisung OhG. BumillerHongseok JeonChandra s. olsonNancy Cam-WingetYeonkwon JeongYouko omorNecati CanpolatJorjeta G JetchevaSatoshi oyamaJavier cardonaLusheng jiRichard H. PaineDouglas s ChanDaniel JiangAuld. palaniveluClint F. ChaplinPadam AflChangmin ParkCarl W. KainJungsoo parkMinho CheongNaveen K KakanMinyoung ParkMasato katoⅤ ijaykumar PatelNakjungDouglas KanBcminih. peirisLiwen chuRichard H. KennedyEldad perahiaTerry L. ColeJohn KenneJames e. petranovichRyon K. ColemanStuart 3. KerryAl PetrickCharles IJoonsuk kinFahd pirzadaTodor CooklevKyeongpyo KimJames d. portaroXavier p CostaSeong S. kimHenry s. PtasinskiDavid E CypherYongsan KimRene purnadiMarc de courvilleJarkko kneckChang w. PyoRolf J de vegtMark m. kobayashiEmily H QiTheodorus denteneerFumihide KojimaLuke QianJeremy de vriesTom KolzeHuyu QuSusan DickeyBruccp KJim e raabZhiming DingJohannes P KruysⅤ nuth raiYoshiharu doThomas KuehnelAli RaissiniaJohn dorseyThomas m. KuriharaHarish ramamurthyRoger P durandStephen G raymentSrinivasa duvvuriEdwin kwonLeonid razoumovDonald e. eastlakeZhou lanIvan reePeter Ecclesiaejeremy A landtEdward reussMichael ellisJoseph P. lauerAlex reznikStephen P. EmeottTae H. LeeRandal roebuckMarc emmelmannWooyoung leeJon walter rosdahlDarwin EngwerJoseph levyRichard royJoseph epsteinSheung liAlexander safonovⅤ inko ercegPaul linKazuyuki sakodaLars p. falkIlang liuHemanth sampathRobert fanfcllMichael livshitzKatsuyoshi SatoStefan fechterPeter LocHirokazu sawadaPaul h. feinberDaniel lubarDon schultzMatthew FischerAnthony f. maidaYongho SeokWayne k. FisherJakub majkowskiHuairong shaoRoberta fracchiAlastair MalarkyNeeraj sharmaRyuhei FundaJouni K. malinenStephen J ShellhammerMatthew gastAlexander maltsevlan SherlockJames p gilbBill marshallKai shiJeffrey gilbertRoman m. maslennikovShusaku shimadaReinhard GlogerSudheer mattaFrancois simonDavid goodallStephen Mc cannHarkirat SinghTugrul guenerJustin p mcnewGraham K. SmithJianlin gven meseckeMatt smithMark hamiltonRobert r. millerYoo-Seung SongC.J. HanseMichael monteKapil seBrian d. hartRajendra T. moortiVinay SridharaAmer A haHitoshi moriokaDorothy stanleⅤ egard hasselPeter MurrayAdrian P. StephensRobert f heileAndrew milesDavid S Stephenson〔 undo r. HertzRohit nabarCarl R. StevensonJunling hiJohn stineWendong huKengo nagataGuenaelt strutCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedChin s SumGanesh VenkateHarry R. worstellEiji TakagiDalton t.Ⅴ ictorPengfei xiaMineo takaiGeorge A. vlantisAkira yamadaTcik-Khcong TanCssc r. walkerTakeshi yamamotoAllan thomsonunlWangmoya yamauraJerry thrasherngEric okuboCraig d. WarrenSu K. YongAlexander TolpinFujio WatanabeSeiji YoshioJason trachewskyPatrick WayeChristopher YoungSolomon b. traininMenzo m. wentinkArtur zaksRichard D. Van NeeFrank whettenHongyuan zhangAllert van zelstKyle williamsHuimin zhangMathieuⅤ arlet-AndmJames worshamJing zhiPrabodh varshneyJuan ZunigaContributions to this amendment was received from the following individualsBill ablⅵ inko ErcegPatrick labbeSantosh abrahamMustafa rozJoseph lauerTomoko adachiStefan fechterDongjun leeDmitry akhmetovPaul feinbergLin-Nan leeCarlos aldanaMatthew fischereeDave andrusGuido frederiksSok-kyu LeeMicha anholtTakashi FukagawaZhongding leiTsuguhide AokiPatrick FungJoseph levyYusuke asarEdoardo gallizioScott leyonhjelGeert awaterJames gardnerPen liDavid BaDevis gattSheung LiRaja banerjeaDavid HedbergYuan liKaberi banerieeGarth hillmanKevin liaoAmit bansalJin-Meng hoIsaac limGal bassonDale hocevarAlfred linAnui batraLouise hooAlbert liuJohn benkoMuhammad akramDer-Zheng liuMathilde benvenisteYasuhiko inoueMichael livshitzBjorn BjerkeKaz ishidaYufei BlakenshipTakashi ishidoshiroPeter LojkoDaniel borgesLakshmi lyerHui-Ling LouDouglas chanEric JacobsonAdina matacheJerry ChangYuh-Ren jauhLaurent mazetJohn ChangTaehyun JeonWilliam mcfarlandJeng-Hong ChenJari JokelaDarren mcnamaraStephen ChenVKJonesIrina medvedevYi-Ming ChenPadam AflArnaud meylanPei-ju ChiangNaveen KakaniMorgan mikFrancois chinSriniavs kandalaSeungwook minWoon Hau ChinAteet KapurPatrick mo上 mily chouAssaf KasherAndy molischLiwen chuMasato katoR. Tushar moortiKeith ChuggJohn KetchumMike moretonBrian ClassonJoonsuk KYuichi moriokaSean CoffeyPansop KimMarkus muckGabriella convertinoYoungsoo KimSyed Aon mujtabaMarc de courvilleGuenter KleindlAndrew mylesRolf de vegtKiyotaka KobayashiRohit nabarFranz dielacherCenk Koselhasa NagaiYoshiharu doiBruce p KraemerKengo NagataJohn deThomas KuehnelSeigo NakaodouglasTakushi KunihiroSanjiv nandaPeter ecclesiaeJoe KwakChiu nDarwin EngwerJoseph kwakAjit NimbalkerLeonid epsteinEdwin kwonGunnar NitscheCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reservedHuaning NiuErik SchylanderRichard van neeIvan oakesMichael sealsNico van waesYoshihiro ohtanilual-Rong ShaoAllert van zelstEric OjardSuman sharmaAndres vila casadoTakeshi onizawaSteve shellhammerGeorgeⅵ lantisJob oostveenIan SherlockTimothy WakeleyFabio osnatoMasaaki shidaJesse walkerKafle padamTakashi shonoBrad wallacePratima paiSebastien SimoensMark wallaceArul palaniveluMassimiliano sitiRod waltonSubra parameswaraDoug SmithQi WThomas pareMatt smithXiaowen WangJean-Noel PatillonAmjadDeric WatersWei-Chung PengRobert staceyMark WebsterEldad perahiaAdrian P. StephensMenzo WentinkJim petranovichRichard WeseKrishna madhavan pillaiVictor StolpmanMike WilhoyteMadhavan pillaiSumei sunTimothy WongAngelo PoloniXiantao sunJames WoodyattNeeraj poojaryShravan surineniHenry ptasinskiIlan sutskoverAriton XhafaAleksandar PurkovicEiji Takagio xiaLuke oianMasahiro takasTomoya YamauraAli RaissiniaSeiichiro TakahashiEric YangSthanunathan ramakrishnanDaisuke takedaWen-Chang YehHarish RamamurthyTeik-Kheong TanChristopher YoungSridhar rameshYasuhiro TanakaHeejung YuRaffaele rivaStephan ten brinkArtur ZaksJon walter rosdahlGanesan ThiagarajanEldad zeiraStephanie Rouquette-LeveilEric OkuboHongyuan zhaMike rudeTim TowellJin ZhangJohn sadowskiJason trachewskyNing ZhangAtul salhotraSolomon traininQuan ZhouVincenzo scarpaDavid tungJohnny ZweigDonald schultzStefano valleJim syrenThe following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this amendment. Balloters may havevoted for approval, disapproval, or abstentionOsama aboulmagdBill cannonSouray duttaTomoko adachiJing CaoRichard eckardAlok AggarwalEdward CarlesCarl EklundThomas alexandeJames CarloStephen emeottRichard AlvinJuan CarreonMarc emmelmannEdward ChalfDarwin EngwcButch AntonDouglas s ChanJoseph epsteinDanilo antonelliKuor-Hsin ChangRobert fanfelleClint ChaplinShahin FarahaniDavid BagbyWei-Peng ChenShulan FengGabor BaikoYung-Mu ChenOddgeir FikstvedtMatthew ballHong ChengMatthew fischerRaja banerjeaAik ChindapoPrince francisVered BKeith ChowAvraham FreedmanJohn barrLiwen ChuDevon gaylePhilip beecherRyon ColemanMichael GeipelMathilde benvenisteCharles cookTheodore Georgantasharry bimsTodor CookiePieter -Paul giesbertsBjorn BjerkeHelge CowardJames gilbMonique brownJoseph decuirReinhard glogerRussell dietzMariana goldhamerWilliam byrdThomas dineenScrgiu gomaPctcr. calderonJohn dorseyDavid goodallCopyright C 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved
- 2021-05-06下载
- 积分：1
基于STM32的双向DC-DC变换器的设计与实现
本系统主要由 BUCK 降压模块、BOOST 升压模块、测控模块、辅助电源模块组成。其中BUCK 降压模块和BOOST 升压模块的驱动选用具有波形互补的可编程芯片IR2104、电流采样选用TI 公司专用高边电流采样芯片INA282；测控模块采用低功耗单片机STM32 对输出电压、输出电流实现闭环PI 控制。系统可以实现：在充电模式下，充电电流在 1～2A范围内步进可调且步进值为 0.05A，电流控制精度 1.30%左右；充电电流变换率为 0.87%；充电效率可达到 97.11%，具有测量、显示充电电流以及过充保护功能。在放电模式下，放电效率可达到96.54%且电压能保持在 30V目录第一章绪论1.1课题背景·*······*···*·····*···‘1.2双向DC-D变换器的研究意义1121.3国内外研究和应用现状1.4论文主要的研究内容.第二章双向DG-DG变换器拓扑结构的硏究.34662.1双向DC-DG变换器的基本原理与类型2.2双向DC-DG变换器的电路拓扑2.3双向DCDC变换器方案的设计10第三章双向DC-DC变换器硬件电路分析及参数设计.3.1双向DG-DG变换器的硬件电路分析.…123.2BUCK-B00sT电路器件的选择及参数设计3.3电流采样电路分析及参数设计173.4 MOSFET管驱动电路设计183.5辅助电源设计.19第四章双向DG-DG变换器的软件设计4.1软件设计方法214.2主函数程序设计4.3按键模式的识别.224.4恒流恒压模式的设计……第五章双向DG-DG变换器调试、实验结果与分析255.1测试仪器∴255.2测试方法255.3测试实验数据5.4测试结果分析…27第六章总结与展望6.1总结286.2展望.28[参考文献]附录(一):项目课题获奖情况及总体实物图….31附录1.1项目课题获奖情况31附录1.2双向D-DC变换器的总体实物图,34附录(二)程序清单…..35第一章绪论1.1课题背景航天器由若下分系统组成,分为有效载荷和航天器平台两大类。有效载荷主要是直接执行特殊的航天任务,而航天器平台主要由航天器结构和服务与支持系统构成。服务与支持系统主要包括电源裝置、姿态控制裝置、轨道控制装置、无线电测控装置、数据保管等等。因此,电源分系统是极其重要的,它是航大器所有能源供给装置。若电源部分工作不止常,则整体就将失去作用,变为毫无用处,电源重量占航天器重量的15%~25%。分为化学电源、太阳电池电源和核电源三类。日前世界上90%以上的航天器都采用太阳能电池阵构成的光伏电源发电系统。主功率供电回路的额定电压(母线电压)三个等级:(1)低压—28V,适用功率等级:1200W(2)中压——42或50V,适用功率等级:200水平(3)高压—100V或以上,适用功率等级:4000V水平。载人飞船氿道运行高度为300~400Km,轨道周期约为9lmin,其中轨道最长,阴影吋间37min,最短光照时间54min。飞船屯源分系统组成部分如表1所表1飞船电源分系统组成电源名称电源类型配置舱段用途备注太阳电池阵-镉镍待发段、发射段、自主主电源推进舱蓄电池系统运行段向整船供电有留轨仁务需要时,飞留轨电源太阳电池镉都轨道舱留轨使用期间船配置留轨电源,否电池系统不配置返回/着陆返回、着陆、等待期旧锌银蓄电池组返回舱电源供电补充峰值功率、应急飞应急电源锌银蓄电池组推进舱行供电目前,我国的航天电源部分调节器主要依赖于从欧洲等国家进口,需要耗费巨资,对我国载人航天的航天器产生极其不利的影响。因此,具有自主知识产权的电源部分调节器的研制,具有很重要的意义和深远的影响1.2双向DDG变换器的研究意义在传统的太阳能电池阵构成的光伏电源发电系统,传统的蓄电池充、放电模块很难保证太阳能阵在太阳光线充足时产生多余的能量不会导致航天器的过热以及储能装置蓄电池组的过允电,而且功率密度点较大,成木高,系统结构相对复杂。太阳能光伏电源发电系统是将太阳能转换成电能的发电系统,它的主要部件是由太阳能电池组、太阳能控制器、储能装置蓄电池(组)和太阳跟踪控制系统组成。其特点是高可靠性、寿命长以及对环境不产生污染、能独立进行发电且并网运行,受到世界各国电网公司的喜欢,发展前景十分广阔。太阳电池的发电功率通过“分流调节”全部变换为母线功率,一部分直接给负毂供电,另一部分则通过“充电调节”变换为充电功率为储能装置蓄电池组充电;蓄电池组功率通过“放电调节”变换为母线功率。对太阳电池发电功率的使用优先级依次为供电、充电、分流。充电功率可以视作母线的可调负载。太阳能电池光伏电源发电系统工作原理如图1所示。正丹线充电控制放电调节负载太阳能电池太阳能电池分流控制蓄电池组充电阼供电阵负母线图1光伏电源发电系统工作原理双向DC-DC转换器是连接正负母线电压与储能系统(如储能装置蓄电池组)的关键,所以使转换器的效率变髙极其重要。本文提出了一种降低功耗,提高整机效率的方案,使得对双问DCDC转换器的探讨变得更加具有意义。1.3国内外研究和应用现状20世纪后期,太阳能电池阵-储能装置蓄电池组构成的光伏电源发电系统的休积和重量庞大,著名外国学者提出了一种基于BCK/B0OST双向DCDC直流转换器来代替原有光伏电源发电系统的允电、放电模块,从而实现电压的稳定20世纪90年代,中国工程院院士陈清泉教授将基于BUCK/ BOOST双向DC-DC变换器在电动车领域使用,同年,外国专家研制了用大功率的水冷式DC-DC变换器即基于BUCK/ BOOST双向DC-DC直流转换器来驱动电动车,由于基于BUCK/BO0ST双向DC-DC变换器的输入输出电压的忙负极相反,不适合在电动车上应用,因此,他提出了一种基于BUCK-BO0ST级联型的双向DC-DC变换器,变换器的电源输入端与电压输出端的负端共用。经过4年时间,美国著名大学-弗吉尼亚大学教授李泽元开始研究在燃料电池上双向DC-DC变换器的配套应用。由此可见,用于载人航天的航天器电源和电动车辆的技术更新对双向DC-DC变换器的发展具有巨大的推动作用,随着开关直流变换器技术即脉宽调制技术的实现,给双向DCDC变换器的发展带来了曙光。1994年,有一位著名的澳大利亚学者发表论文,总结出几种非隔离型双向DC-DC变换器拓扑结构,主要是在CM0S开关管上反向并联具有快速、低功耗的二极管,且在二极管上反并联CMOS开关管,从而构成非隔离方式的双向DC-DC变换器种类有:BUCK-B0OST变换器、BUCK/B0OST变换器、CUK变换器和SEPI-ZETA变换器2004年,由我国学者张方华博士对推挽正激移相式、级联式、正反激组合式双向DC-DC直流变换器做了深入的研究。提出∫很多新型的应川电路,研究∫其控制模型,采用PI补偿环节的单电压闭环实现了系统闭环稳定。双向DC-DC变换器的硏究是近年来开关电源技术研宄的一个热门话题。2006年梁永春博士探讨了由反激式并联输入、串联输出构成的反激逆变器,提出了种同步整流的控制方案,极大地简化了髙频链逆变器的控制,使得整流二极管的导通损耗大幅度降低,整个电源系统的效率提高到85.8%。1.4论文主要的研究内容要求:设计一种双向DC-DC变换器,实现电池组的充电、放电功能。系统结构如图2所示,电池组由5节18650型、容量2000~3000mAh的锂离子电池串联组成。所用电阻阻值误差的绝对值不大于5%辅助电源测控电路3BS1 Rs-5Q2电双向DCDC池变换电路组RL=302直流稳压电源图2电池储能装置结构框图1.基本要求接通S、S3,断开S2,将装詈设定为充电模式(1)U2=30V条件下,实现对电池恒流充电。保障充电时电流l在1~2A范围内能够步进可调,步进值应≤0.1A,电流的控制精度≥5%。(2)设定1=2A,调整直流稳压屯源输出电压,使U2在2436V范围内变化时,要求充电电流I的变化率不大于1%(3)设定l1=2A,在U2=30V条件下,变换器的效率n1≥90%(4)测量并显示充电电流,在I-1~2A范围内测量精度不低于2(5)具有过充保护功能:设定l1=2A,当U1超过阈值U=24±0.5V时,停止充电。2.发挥部分(1)断开S1、接通S2,将装置设定为放电模式,保持U2=30±0.5V,此时变换器效率n2≥95%(2)接通S1、S2’断开S3’调整直流稳压电源输出电压,使直流电源电4压U在32~38V范围内变化时,双向DC-DC变换器能够自动切换工作模式即可自动切换充放电模式并保持输出电压U2=30±0.5V。(3)在满足要求的前提下简化结构、减轻重量,使双向DC-DC变换器、测控电烙与辅助电澒三部分的总重量不大于500g。(4)其他第二章双向Dc-D变换器拓扑结构的研究2.1双向DCDc变换器的基本原理与类型2.1.1双向DC-DG变换器的基本原理双向DC-DC变换器是把育流电压转换成另一个数值的电压,它是由软件控制导通的CW0S开关管、储能电感、续流二极管、具有滤波作用的电容、负毂等构成的,通过具有滤波功能的负载电路和直流电压时而使开关管时而接通或者时而关断,仗得另一端即负载上得到另一个直流电压2.1.2D0DG变换器的类型目前,国内外将双向DCDC变换器的拓扑结构主要划分为非隔离式和隔离式两大类。非隔离型拓扑的主要有:BUCK降压式、 BOOST升压式、BUCK- BOOST升降压型等拓扑。非隔离型拓扑如图3所示。隔离型拓扑的主要有:止激、反激、推挽、半桥、全桥型变换器(1)隔离型变换DYYYCD(a)BUCK变换器拓扑(b) BOOST变换器拓扑DL(c)BUCK- BOOST变换器拓扑图3非隔离型变换器拓扑以最基木的BUCK降压式变换器和BO0ST升压式变换器为例,介绍其工作原理。BUCK降压式变换器:当CMOS开关管Q接通时,电源Vin通过电感L给电容C充电;当开关管断开时,电感L通过快速、低功耗二极管D续流,电压逐渐降低。此时,电容上的电流由正逐渐降为零,最后变成负向,进而使开关管又一次导通,使得电感上电流增加。其储能电感L上电流波形如下图4所示tImar1-min(a)BUCK电感电流连续时波形(b)BUCK电感电流断续时波形图4BUCK电感电流波形BO0ST升压式变换器:当开关管Q导通吋,电源向电感L储能,电感L电流增加,负载由电容C供电;当开关管Q关断时,电感电流减小,电感电势与输入电压叠加,迫使二极管D导通,一起向负载供电,并同时向电容C充电。其电感电流波形如图5所小7
- 2020-12-05下载
- 积分：1
