vetioatate

  We propose a novel fluorescence emission difference microscopy (FED) system based on focusing cy- lindrical vector beams. In conventional FED, a Gaussian beam and a 0–2 π vortex phase plate are used to generate solid and hollow spots. We focus radially polarized and azimuthally polarized cylindrical vector beams to obtain an expanded solid spot and a shrunken hollow spot, taking advantage of the optical properties of cylindrical vector beams to improve the conventional FED performance. Our novel method enhances FED performance

1-s2.0-S0030401815004320-main.pdf,8860240,2015-09-08